Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an acute life-threatening infection caused by the gram-negative bacterium, Neisseria meningitidis. Globally, there are approximately half a million cases of IMD each year, with incidence varying across geographical regions. Vaccination has proven to be successful against IMD, as part of controlling outbreaks, and when incorporated into national immunization programs. The South-Eastern Europe Meningococcal Advocacy Group (including representatives from Croatia, the Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Ukraine) was formed in order to discuss the potential challenges of IMD faced in the region. The incidence of IMD across Europe has been relatively low over the past decade; of the countries that came together for the South-Eastern Meningococcal Advocacy Group, the notification rates were lower than the European average for some country. The age distribution of IMD cases was highest in infants and children, and most countries also had a further peak in adolescents and young adults. Across the nine included countries between 2010 and 2020, the largest contributors to IMD were serogroups B and C; however, each individual country had distinct patterns for serogroup distribution. Along with the variations in epidemiology of IMD between the included countries, vaccination policies also differ.

• Klíčová slova
• Age distribution, IMD epidemiology, MenB vaccines, South-Eastern Europe, immunization programs, invasive meningococcal disease, meningococcal vaccines, quadrivalent vaccines, serogroup distribution, vaccination policy,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• meningokokové infekce * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• meningokokové vakcíny * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Neisseria meningitidis * MeSH
• séroskupina MeSH
• vakcinace MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• meningokokové vakcíny * MeSH

BACKGROUND: We assessed the 10-year efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of two doses of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine (MMRV) or one dose of a monovalent varicella vaccine (V) in children from Czech Republic, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. METHODS: This was a phase IIIB follow-up of an observer-blind, randomized, controlled trial (NCT00226499). In phase A, healthy children aged 12-22 months from 10 European countries were randomized in a 3:3:1 ratio to receive two doses of MMRV (MMRV group), one dose of MMR followed by one dose of V (MMR + V group), or two doses of MMR (MMR; control group), 42 days apart. Vaccine efficacy (VE) against varicella (confirmed by viral DNA detection or epidemiological link and clinical assessment) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Immunogenicity was assessed as seropositivity rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMCs). Solicited and unsolicited adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs (SAEs) were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 3705 children were vaccinated (1590, MMRV group; 1586, MMR + V group; 529, MMR group). There were 663 confirmed varicella cases (47, MMRV group; 349, MMR + V group; 267, MMR group). VE ranged between 95.4% (Lithuania) and 97.4% (Slovakia) in the MMRV group and between 59.3% (Lithuania) and 74% (Slovakia) in the MMR + V group. At year 10, seropositivity rates were 99.5%-100% in the MMRV group, 98%-100% in the MMR + V group and 50%-100% in the MMR control group, and the anti-VZV antibody GMCs were comparable between MMRV and MMR + V groups. The occurrence of solicited and unsolicited AEs was similar across groups and no SAE was considered as vaccination-related. No new safety concerns were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that two doses of varicella zoster virus-containing vaccine provided better protection than one dose against varicella and induced antibody responses that persisted 10 years post-vaccination.

• Klíčová slova
• Children, Efficacy, Live-attenuated varicella vaccine, Long-term follow-up, Measles-mumps-rubella, Varicella zoster virus,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kombinované vakcíny škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• příušnice * MeSH
• protilátky virové MeSH
• spalničky * MeSH
• vakcína proti planým neštovicím škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• vakcína proti spalničkám, příušnicím a zarděnkám MeSH
• zarděnky * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Evropa MeSH
• Polsko MeSH
• Rumunsko MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kombinované vakcíny MeSH
• protilátky virové MeSH
• vakcína proti planým neštovicím MeSH
• vakcína proti spalničkám, příušnicím a zarděnkám MeSH