Fully grown mammalian oocytes utilize transcripts synthetized and stored during earlier development. RNA localization followed by a local translation is a mechanism responsible for the regulation of spatial and temporal gene expression. Here we show that the mouse oocyte contains 3 forms of cap-dependent translational repressor expressed on the mRNA level: 4E-BP1, 4E-BP2 and 4E-BP3. However, only 4E-BP1 is present as a protein in oocytes, it becomes inactivated by phosphorylation after nuclear envelope breakdown and as such it promotes cap-dependent translation after NEBD. Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 can be seen in the oocytes after resumption of meiosis but it is not detected in the surrounding cumulus cells, indicating that 4E-BP1 promotes translation at a specific cell cycle stage. Our immunofluorescence analyses of 4E-BP1 in oocytes during meiosis I showed an even localization of global 4E-BP1, as well as of its 4E-BP1 (Thr37/46) phosphorylated form. On the other hand, 4E-BP1 phosphorylated on Ser65 is localized at the spindle poles, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylated on Thr70 localizes on the spindle. We further show that the main positive regulators of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation after NEBD are mTOR and CDK1 kinases, but not PLK1 kinase. CDK1 exerts its activity toward 4E-BP1 phosphorylation via phosphorylation and activation of mTOR. Moreover, both CDK1 and phosphorylated mTOR co-localize with 4E-BP1 phosphorylated on Thr70 on the spindle at the onset of meiotic resumption. Expression of the dominant negative 4E-BP1 mutant adversely affects translation and results in spindle abnormality. Taken together, our results show that the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 promotes translation at the onset of meiosis to support the spindle assembly and suggest an important role of CDK1 and mTOR kinases in this process. We also show that the mTOR regulatory pathway is present in human oocytes and is likely to function in a similar way as in mouse oocytes.
- Klíčová slova
- 4E-BP1, CDK1, cumulus cells, kinase, mRNA, mTOR, meiosis, oocyte, spindle, translation,
- MeSH
- adaptorové proteiny signální transdukční MeSH
- aparát dělícího vřeténka genetika MeSH
- buněčný cyklus genetika MeSH
- eukaryotické iniciační faktory MeSH
- fosfoproteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- fosforylace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oocyty růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- proteinkinasa CDC2 genetika MeSH
- proteiny buněčného cyklu MeSH
- proteosyntéza MeSH
- TOR serin-threoninkinasy genetika MeSH
- transportní proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- vývojová regulace genové exprese MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- adaptorové proteiny signální transdukční MeSH
- Eif4ebp1 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- eukaryotické iniciační faktory MeSH
- fosfoproteiny MeSH
- mTOR protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- proteinkinasa CDC2 MeSH
- proteiny buněčného cyklu MeSH
- TOR serin-threoninkinasy MeSH
- transportní proteiny MeSH
The fully grown mammalian oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent and utilizes only transcripts synthesized and stored during early development. However, we find that an abundant RNA population is retained in the oocyte nucleus and contains specific mRNAs important for meiotic progression. Here we show that during the first meiotic division, shortly after nuclear envelope breakdown, translational hotspots develop in the chromosomal area and in a region that was previously surrounded the nucleus. These distinct translational hotspots are separated by endoplasmic reticulum and Lamin, and disappear following polar body extrusion. Chromosomal translational hotspots are controlled by the activity of the mTOR-eIF4F pathway. Here we reveal a mechanism that-following the resumption of meiosis-controls the temporal and spatial translation of a specific set of transcripts required for normal spindle assembly, chromosome alignment and segregation.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- down regulace MeSH
- eukaryotický iniciační faktor 4F metabolismus MeSH
- fertilizace MeSH
- jaderný obal metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meióza MeSH
- messenger RNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nestabilita genomu MeSH
- oocyty metabolismus MeSH
- proteosyntéza * MeSH
- RNA čepičky metabolismus MeSH
- savčí chromozomy metabolismus MeSH
- savci metabolismus MeSH
- signální transdukce * MeSH
- TOR serin-threoninkinasy metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- eukaryotický iniciační faktor 4F MeSH
- messenger RNA MeSH
- RNA čepičky MeSH
- TOR serin-threoninkinasy MeSH