AIM: We aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including both symptomatic and asymptomatic courses, and to identify predictors of asymptomatic or symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients within seven months after allo-HSCT (allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) in the Omicron period. METHODS: Prevalence of the past SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined in patients within seven months after allo-HSCT in the Omicron period using the cellular and humoral immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (NCP). RESULTS: Positive markers of past infection were identified in 45.2% of patients (n = 42). The infection was asymptomatic in 68.4% of anti-NCP positive patients. The search for risk factors for symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in allo-HSCT recipients revealed that a low level of B cell reconstitution was the only significantly associated risk factor. CONCLUSION: A high proportion of allo-HSCT recipients who were asymptomatically infected within up to seven months after transplantation from 2022 to 2023 despite being immunosuppressed and unvaccinated indicates an attenuation of the circulating virus and may signal less risk for transplanted patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron period. Vaccination of these patients against SARS-CoV-2 was shown to be associated with a low but significant risk of exacerbation of cured chronic GVHD (graft versus host disease) and the risk of de novo GVHD. The low level of B-cell reconstitution was the only significant risk factor for symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in HSCT recipients.
- Klíčová slova
- Omicron variant, T cell response, allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, nucleoprotein,
- MeSH
- asymptomatické infekce * epidemiologie MeSH
- COVID-19 * imunologie epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- protilátky virové krev MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 * imunologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- protilátky virové MeSH
Serious burn trauma is associated with changes of the immune system, and immunosuppression induced by burn trauma can lead to reactivation of latent infections. Herpetic viruses are known for their lifelong persistence after primary infection and ability to reactivate. Their reactivation in the setting of burn trauma or primary infection can cause serious complications for a weakened burn patient. Presented is a case of a toddler who sustained second-degree scald burns over 20% of his body surface area. The injury was complicated by a multi-resistant bacterial infection in addition to reactivation of a latent HHV-6 infection concurrently with a primary HSV-1 infection. Described further are basic diagnostics, local and systemic treatment strategies, and other complications due to disseminated herpetic infections. To date, HHV-6 reactivation has not been described in conjunction with burn injury.
- Klíčová slova
- HHV-6, HSV-1, Pediatric burn trauma, herpes virus infection,
- MeSH
- aktivace viru fyziologie MeSH
- bakteriální infekce etiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- herpetické infekce etiologie virologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidský herpesvirus 1 izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidský herpesvirus 6 izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence fyziologie MeSH
- popálení komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
AIM: In this study, buccal swabs from patients with the clinical picture of parotitis epidemica in whom mumps virus (MV) infection was not confirmed by direct detection or serologically were tested. The aim was to detect by molecular methods nucleic acids (NAs) of other respiratory viruses possibly involved in salivary gland swelling. At the same time, paired sera, if available, were tested. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 72 buccal swabs from patients of the Clinic of infectious, tropical, and parasitic diseases, Na Bulovce Hospital. Paired sera were available from ten patients. Samples were collected in 2013 to 2015. Buccal swabs were tested by PCR for the presence of NAs of adenoviruses (AdV), bocaviruses (hBoV), parainfluenza viruses of types 1-4 (HPIV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), coronaviruses (HCoV: NL63, OC43, HKU1, and 229E), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Paired sera were screened by the complement fixation test (AdV and influenza A and B viruses), hemagglutination inhibition test (HPIV types 2 and 3), ELISA (AdV, EBV), and immunofluorescence (EBV). RESULTS: NAs from viruses other than the mumps virus were detected in 27 of 72 patients with clinical symptoms of parotitis epidemica, and serological tests revealed etiological links with parainfluenza viruses in three more cases. Overall, 30 (41.7%) of 72 patients with suspected mumps tested positive for one or more viruses from the study panel. The most commonly detected viruses were AdV 11/72 (15.3%), EBV 9/72 (12.5%), and HPIV 3/72 (4.2%), but influenza A virus (H3N2) 1/72 (1.4%) was also found. Some patients tested positive for more than one virus: 2/72 (3%) for AdV plus hBoV and 1/72 (1.4%) for HPIV plus HCoV. In addition, examination of paired sera revealed HPIV positivity in three more patients. PCR and serology detected etiological link with HPIV in six (8.3%) of 72 patients tested. CONCLUSION: In our study group, nearly 42% of patients with the clinical picture of parotitis epidemica in whom mumps virus (MV) infection was not confirmed by direct detection or serologically tested positive for viruses other than the mumps virus. Thorough laboratory diagnosis of suspected mumps in vaccinated persons is important not only for the treatment of patients and adoption of isolation and other measures, but also for a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease and outcomes of the immunisation programmes.
- Klíčová slova
- mumps - epidemiology - PCR - differential diagnosis.,
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- virové nemoci diagnóza epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- virové vakcíny aplikace a dávkování imunologie MeSH
- viry klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- virové vakcíny MeSH
