OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to analyze the results of oral glucose tolerant test (oGTT) of pregnant woman with currently used Czech criteria for diagnosis of GDM, to find out the prevalence of GDM if the measurement of glycemia in 1 hour of oGTT is included and to compare the prevalence of GDM using the new IADPSG (International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups) criteria versus the currently used Czech criteria. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTINGS: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague. METHODS: Data from the standard 75g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) of 2567 pregnant females were analyzed using the currently recommended Czech cut-off values for plasma glucose at baseline and at2 hours of oGTT (5.6 and 7.7 mmol/l) and at baseline, 1 and2 hours oGTT (5.6, 8.9 and 7.7 mmol/l). The frequency of GDM using the Czech criteria was compared with the frequency of GDM using the novel IADPSG criteria (5.1, 10.0 and 8.5 mmol/l). Statistical analysis was done using the software GNU PSPP Statistical Analysis Software version 0.8.0-g0ad9f6. RESULTS: When using the current Czech criteria (at baseline and 2 hours of oGTT) GDM was diagnosed in 362 (14.11%) females. Inclusion of glycemia at 1 hour of oGTT increased the frequency of GDM to 571 (22.26%) females (p<0.00). With the novel IADPSG criteria GDM was diagnosed in 818 (31.89%) females (p=0.038). 503 females i.e. 19.61% and 394 females i.e. 15.36% (when glycemia at 1 h of oGTT included) respectively met the IADPSG but not the Czech criteria and thus were not treated for GDM. In contrast, 47 (1.83%) resp. 147 (5.73%) of tested women who met the Czech but not the IADPSG criteria received unnecessary diabetes treatment. CONCLUSION: The frequency of GDM is higher with the novel IADPSG criteria when compared with the currently used Czech recommendation. Switching to IADPSG criteria might help unravel hitherto unidentified cases of GDM and thus improve outcomes for females with GDM and their offsprings.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gestační diabetes krev diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- glukózový toleranční test MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- krevní glukóza MeSH
Maternal diabetes is associated with changes of the placental structure. These changes include great variability of vascularity manifested by strikingly hypovascular as well as hypervascular terminal villi. In this paper, normal placental terminal villi and pathological villi of type 1 diabetic placentas were compared concerning the structure of villous stroma, spatial arrangement of villous capillary bed and quantitative assessment of capillary branching pattern. Formalin fixed and paraffin embedded specimens of 14 normal and 17 Type 1 diabetic term placentas were used for picrosirius staining, vimentin and desmin immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. 3D models of villi and villous capillaries were constructed from stacks of confocal optical sections. Hypervascular as well as hypovascular villi of diabetic placenta displayed changed structure of villous stroma, i.e. the collagen envelope around capillaries looked thinner and the network of collagen fibers seemed less dense. The desmin immunocytochemistry has shown that stromal cells of hypervascular as well as hypovascular villi appeared nearly or completely void of desmin filaments. In comparison with normal villi, capillaries of hypovascular villi had a smaller diameter and displayed a markedly wavy course whereas in hypervascular villi numerous capillaries occurred in reduced stroma and often had a large diameter. The quantitative assessment of capillary branching has shown that villous capillaries are more branched in diabetic placentas. It is concluded that type 1 maternal diabetes enhances the surface area of the capillary wall by elongation, enlargement of diameter and higher branching of villous capillaries and disrupts the stromal structure of terminal villi.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kapiláry patologie MeSH
- konfokální mikroskopie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- placenta krevní zásobení patologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- těhotenství při diabetu patologie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Overwintering success is one of the key aspects affecting the development and outbreaks of the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.) populations. This paper brings detailed analysis of cold tolerance, and its influence on overwintering success, in two Central European populations of I. typographus during two cold seasons. Evidence for a supercooling strategy in overwintering adults is provided. The lower lethal temperature corresponds well to the supercooling point that ranges between -20 and -22°C during winter months. The supercooled state is stabilized by the absence of internal ice nucleators and by seasonal accumulation of a mixture of sugars and polyols up to the sum concentration of 900 mM. The cryoprotective function of accumulated metabolites is probably based on increasing the osmolality and viscosity of supercooled body fluids and decreasing the relative proportion of water molecules available for lethal formation of ice nuclei. No activity of thermal hysteresis factors (stabilizers of supercooled state) was detected in hemolymph. Lethal times for 50% mortality (Lts50) in the supercooled state at -5, -10 or -15°C are weeks (autumn, spring) or even months (winter), suggesting relatively little mortality caused by chill injury. Lts50 at -15°C are significantly shorter in moist (6.9 days) than in dry (>42 days) microenvironment because there is higher probability of external ice nucleation and occurrence of lethal freezing in the moist situation.
- MeSH
- aklimatizace * MeSH
- brouci fyziologie MeSH
- cukerné alkoholy metabolismus MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- hemolymfa metabolismus MeSH
- metabolismus sacharidů MeSH
- nízká teplota * MeSH
- osmolární koncentrace MeSH
- voda fyziologie MeSH
- výběrové chování MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cukerné alkoholy MeSH
- voda MeSH
Placentas from pregnancies complicated by Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1) display altered vascular morphology and function. Here we studied the extent of pericyte coverage in microvessels of normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by DM 1. We used smooth muscle actin (SMA) as a marker for quantitation of pericyte coverage in placental capillaries. The extent of pericyte coverage around the vessel circumference was 38 ± 11% in normal vs. 33 ± 10% in DM 1 pregnancies. We found that there is no statistically significant difference in the extent of pericyte coverage around the capillary circumference between DM 1 and normal pregnancies.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrocévy patologie MeSH
- pericyty patologie MeSH
- placenta krevní zásobení patologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- těhotenství při diabetu patologie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A new method for the determination of pyrroloquinoline quinone by capillary zone electrophoresis has been developed. Separation conditions have been optimised with the respect to different parameters including pH and ionic strength of the background electrolyte, separation voltage and temperature of the capillary. A buffer consisting of 50 mM beta-alanine-HCl pH 3.0 was found to be the most suitable electrolyte for this separation. An applied voltage of 25 kV (negative polarity) and a temperature of 25 degrees C gave the best analysis of pyrroloquinoline quinone. The linear detection range for concentration versus peak area for the assay is from 5 to 500 microM (correlation coefficient 0.9998) with a detection limit of 0.1-0.2 microM. The inter-day reproducibility of the peak area was 2.5% and the inter-day reproducibility of the migration time was below 0.18%.
- MeSH
- aminokyseliny analýza MeSH
- Bacteria chemie MeSH
- chinolony analýza MeSH
- chinony analýza MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární metody MeSH
- kalibrace MeSH
- kofaktor PQQ MeSH
- methanol metabolismus MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- řízení kvality MeSH
- vitaminy analýza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aminokyseliny MeSH
- chinolony MeSH
- chinony MeSH
- kofaktor PQQ MeSH
- methanol MeSH
- vitaminy MeSH
28 obese women were investigated in the course of the 21st (A) and 30th (B) week of pregnancy. Increased serum levels of GH, T4 and T3 were found in both samples of blood (A and B), while serum insulin, cholesterol and triacylglycerols were increased only at time B. It was suggested that the similar increase of GH, T4 and T3 at time A and B was due to pregnancy because the level of these hormones is usually not increased in non-pregnant obese women, while hyperinsulinemia and often increased values of cholesterol and triacylglycerols are a common finding in non-pregnant obesity. This presumption was confirmed only partially--body weight and the skin folds correlated only with insulin and T3, while GH, cortisol, T4, cholesterol and triacylglycerols correlated only exceptionally. High levels of insulin and T3 may be due to overeating.
- MeSH
- chirurgie * výchova MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- školy lékařské * MeSH
- vedení války MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- Publikační typ
- biografie MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- O autorovi
- Kostlivý, S
- MeSH
- chirurgie dějiny MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- komunismus dějiny MeSH
- zdravotnické služby dějiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- SSSR MeSH
- MeSH
- chirurgie dějiny MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- vysokoškolská lékařská centra dějiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- biografie MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- O autorovi
- Kostlivý, S
