Hydrogel implants for urinary incontinence treatment based on HEMA supplemented with 10% methacrylic acid have been developed. The swelling properties of implants were tested in vitro and in vivo after implantation to laboratory mice. Biocompatibility has been determined by incubation of implants in tissue culture, by histological examination of adjacent tissues after subcutaneous application of implants to laboratory mouse in a long-term experiment, and by flow cytometry examination of blood cells. The swelling of hydrogel implants was completed in 6-24 h. There was no effect on in vitro growth of cells incubated with implants. In mice, implants were well tolerated without any sign of inflammatory reaction. The material allows an elastic compression of urethra compensating a damaged sphincter after trans-urethral sub-mucosal implantation of hydrogel cylinders.

• MeSH
• analýza kolonii tvořících jednotek MeSH
• hematopoéza MeSH
• hydrogely * MeSH
• inkontinence moči patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• methakryláty MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• myši MeSH
• protézy a implantáty * MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hydrogely * MeSH
• hydroxyethyl methacrylate MeSH Prohlížeč
• methakryláty MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of new-type implants for the treatment of female urinary stress incontinence. The patients with intrinsic sphincter deficiency were also included, the other were after previous surgery for GSI. DESIGN: Original article. SETTING: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty Hospital Na Bulovce and General Faculty Hospital, 1. Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Prague. METHODS: We operated 9 patients, two of them with type III (McGuire) urinary stress incontinence the rest after operations for GSI in general anesthesia. Six to nine hydrogel swelling implants were introduced into the submucosa of proximal urethra under the transrectal ultrasound guidance. We evaluated the effect 6 to 9 months after the operation. RESULTS: Two patient were dry (negative stress-test and pad-weight test), one patient had substantial improvement, 4 had mild improvement and 2 did not notice any change. We found de novo urge symptoms in four patients, two of them were of the motor type. CONCLUSION: The new type of implants reached the success rate of other currently used materials. The improvement of stress incontinence was on the cost of de novo urge symptoms in some patients. The urgency was successfully managed with spasmolytic drugs.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• PEG-DMA hydrogel * MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• protézy a implantáty * MeSH
• stresová inkontinence moči chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• PEG-DMA hydrogel * MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is the comprehensive information about different bulking substances and their use for the treatment of genuine stress urinary incontinence in women. DESIGN: The review summarizes various materials used for this purpose, methods of their application, possible complications and results of clinical studies of implants. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Charles University and Faculty Hospital Bulovka takes part in the development of the new metacrylate of Czech origin. SUBJECT AND METHOD: Current scientific literature as listed in the article. CONCLUSION: Implants seem to be a useful alternative method in the treatment of the genuine stress incontinence in women.

• MeSH
• dextrany aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dimethylpolysiloxany aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• injekce * MeSH
• kolagen aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methylmetakryláty aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• polytetrafluoroethylen aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• protézy a implantáty * MeSH
• stresová inkontinence moči terapie   MeSH
• tuková tkáň transplantace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dextranomer MeSH Prohlížeč
• dextrany MeSH
• dimethylpolysiloxany MeSH
• hydroxymethylmethacrylate MeSH Prohlížeč
• kolagen MeSH
• methylmetakryláty MeSH
• polytetrafluoroethylen MeSH

BACKGROUND: Subvesical obstructions of any origin represent a frequent and serious disorder occurring predominantly in males. Often it brings incontinence and/or erectility dysfunction, infection of urinary tract. Relapses of the acute pyelonephritis can turn into chronic tubulointersticial one and terminate in the renal insufficiency. To treat strictures, dilation, intermittent catheterization and recently stent introduction were used. Most suitable appears a stent from composite polymers. The aim of our work was to test properties of stents developed in the Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry ASCR. METHODS AND RESULTS: Stents from composite polymers, which are non-toxic, not-irritable can swell in body fluids and have mechanical properties similar to that of silicone rubber. Properties of the material are functionally graded and the casting or repoussé from the material can subsequently change its shape. Ten patients (males, aged 25 to 78 years) with long urethral strictures in its bulbocavernous part (50%) were treated with this method. Strictures were caused by pelvical fractures (4 times), prostate hypertrophy surgery (4 times), prolonged catheterizations (2 times). All patients were followed for 16 to 26 month and had no severities. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that stent from composite polymers and silicone may have long-acting effects without irritation or crust formation and beneficially effected healing of the spongio-fibrous process.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• reoperace MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stenty * MeSH
• striktura uretry diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The object of the envisaged project is the development of easily fixable non-irritant stent of the lower urinary tract. The project has the aim to remove the obstruction and make passage-way through urethra which, after repeated operations, remains narrowed and requires repeated dilatations or, in the patients who have a chronic epicystostomy due to the non-passable urethra. The prosthesis must be self fixable, non-irritant, easily introduceable and removable by endoscopy, enabling normal urination with urinary continence and, last but not least, at a reasonable price.

• MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obstrukce močové trubice terapie   MeSH
• stenty * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Review of the treatment of localized prostate cancer. The major attention is devoted to the surgical treatment. The radical retropubic prostatectomy is used most frequently. Problems of the indication, anatomical foundations and the technique of the surgery are discussed. The radical perineal prostatectomy is used less frequently. The radiation therapy is an alternative to the surgical treatment. The radiation therapy is recommended by urologists in patients, for whom is this treatment considered as more advantageous.

• MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prostaty radioterapie   chirurgie   MeSH
• prostatektomie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Using the latest examination methods the authors have proved relatively wide spread recurrence of thromboembolic complications. Proved were even the mortal forms in urology in case of benign diagnosis as well as relatively considerate operational medical performance. An evident effect of prophylactic, physical and especially pharmacological methods was proved in prevention of thromboembolic disorders. Silent form of deep venous thrombosis were diagnosed to patients with mere physical prophylaxis. On the other side unfavourable effect of low molecular weight heparin on blood loses was not proved even in laboratory picture. Higher risk of thromboembolic complications origin was observed even on the 21st postoperation day. Currently authors consult the appropriateness of individual types of prophylaxis with the different urology illnesses risk groups.

• MeSH
• hyperplazie prostaty chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pooperační komplikace prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• prostatektomie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• tromboembolie etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

The method of preventive hemostasis as suggested by authors is capable of safely arresting the blood leakage into the operation field from spatium Retzii especially in radical retropubic surgery. Retropubic radical surgery requires haemostasis of the dorsal penile veins. In extracapsular prostatectomy, adequate haemostasis permits a safe well controllable urethroyesical anastomosis, diminishing blood loss, shortening the operation time and reducing the risk of postoperative stricture and incontinence development. In cystoprostatectomy, preventive haemostasis reduces the blood loss due to protracted haemorrhage taking place during the neovesica construction and shortens the operation period. In looking for a method of effective preventive ligature of the venae dorsales penis we made use of the technique as described by Berger and Ireton (1). In our opinion, that method is rather complicated requiring and presents requirements for a special instrumentarium and therefore, we regard it as impracticable. Based on the principles of the above technique we elaborated a method of preventive haemostasis using a wire loop to compress both these superficial and the subfascial dorsal penile veins (2), which appears easy to perform with the ordinary equipment of any surgical and urological department.

• MeSH
• hemostáza chirurgická metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ligace MeSH
• penis krevní zásobení   MeSH
• prostatektomie metody   MeSH
• vény MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Described report case of the patient after left nephrectomy, performed 18 years ago, for adenocarcinoma. Recently he has a simultaneous carcinoma of the bladder and the left ureter. Carcinoma of the bladder was treated with transurethral resection and electrocoagulation. Once checked, the hemorrhage was found from the left ureter, later, papilocarcinoma was diagnosed and the urethrectomy with the resection of the part of the wall of the bladder in the region of the estuary. Patient was in good condition 5 months after the operation. There is a review of others report cases.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ledvin * patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * patologie   terapie   MeSH
• nádory močovodu * patologie   terapie   MeSH
• papilární karcinom patologie   terapie   MeSH
• sekundární malignity * patologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Lithotripsy by means of an extracorporeal shock-wave was performed in 128 patients with urolithiasis. In this group for the first time in Czechoslovakia ultrasound control of kidney stones was used in 44 patients; in the remainder X-ray control was used. The authors used equipment designed and manufactured locally. The ultrasonic probe is laterally connected with the shock-wave applicator. Disappearance of the fragments after lithotripsy was achieved in 39 patients where ultrasonic control was used. The paper presents the results, discusses the advantages and limitations of ultrasonic control in extracorporeal lithotripsy of urolithiasis.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ledvinové kameny diagnostické zobrazování   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• litotripse * přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH