The quality of medical plants used for the production of galenics or pharmacologically useful compounds is usually assessed by the content of biologically active compounds. Because most of these plants are grown in fields, this study focused on stimulation of active compounds by in vivo elicitation. Foliar application of elicitors on the immunostimulating medical plant purple coneflower ( Echinacea purpurea L. Moench.) grown on soil was used to increase the content of biologically active phenolics. Natural plant stress mediators and their derivatives (acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, and methyl salicylate) as well as newly introduced biocompatible metal elicitor [titanium(IV) ascorbate] were chosen as active components of foliar sprays. A tremendous increase of phenolics (up to 10 times compared to control) and stimulation of the biomass yield were achieved. Tuning of organ specificity by modulation of the concentration of elicitor was also observed. This methodology represents a convenient alternative to cell suspension or hydroponic cultures being applicable in wide agricultural practice.
- MeSH
- Echinacea chemie účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- kyselina askorbová aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- kyseliny kávové analýza MeSH
- rutin analýza MeSH
- salicylany aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- titan aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- fenoly MeSH
- kyselina askorbová MeSH
- kyseliny kávové MeSH
- rutin MeSH
- salicylany MeSH
- titan MeSH
The aim of this study was to determine the amount of phenol compounds in tinctures prepared from Ginkgo leaves, Echinacea plant, and Ginseng roots and to evaluate the antioxidative activity of these preparations. We studied the antioxidative activity using the standard 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical cation scavenging and tyrosine nitration inhibition tests. The obtained findings showed that the amount of phenol compounds in the studied tinctures differed and ranged between 114 to 340+/-29 gallic acid equivalents (GAE) mg/100 mL. We found that the amount of phenol compounds in Ginkgo tincture was statistically significantly greater than that in Echinacea or Ginseng tinctures. The effectiveness of Ginkgo tincture was by 52.7% (P<0.01) lower (from 1343+/-11 mumol catechin/100 mL solution to 637+/-64 catechin/100 mL solution), compared to Echinacea tincture. Ginseng tincture was the weakest scavenger of free radicals--only 8+/-1 micromol catechin/100 mL solution. The inhibition of tyrosine nitration was by 34% (P<0.01) greater in Echinacea tincture, compared to Ginkgo tincture (from 892+/-36 micromol catechin/100 mL solution to 588+/-17 micromol catechin/100 mL solution). Ginseng tincture was the weakest inhibitor of tyrosine nitration--only 20+/-8 micromol catechin/100 mL solution, which was by 44.6 times less, compared to Echinacea tincture. Tests on DPPH. radical cation scavenging and inhibition of nitration showed that the antioxidative activity of Echinacea tincture was statistically significantly greater compared to that of Ginkgo or Ginseng tinctures. This allows us to conclude that antioxidative activity is determined not only by phenol compounds, but also by a complex of other components of medicinal raw material.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia analýza MeSH
- Echinacea chemie MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- Ginkgo biloba chemie MeSH
- indikátory a reagencie MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky chemie MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů analýza MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- ženšen chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
- fenoly MeSH
- indikátory a reagencie MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
Variability of the essential oil from three sorts of Echinacea MOENCH genus during ontogenesis The content and quality of the essential oil in relation to the main ontogenetic stages of plants were studied in three various sorts of Echinacea genus. The comparison included Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea atrorubens, and Echinacea pallida. The differences in the content of the oil in different parts of plants and the abundance of individual oil constituents in oils from the sorts under study at the optimum stage of ripeness for harvest were evaluated as well.
- MeSH
- Echinacea chemie růst a vývoj MeSH
- léčivé rostliny chemie MeSH
- oleje prchavé analýza MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie MeSH
- stavba rostlin chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- oleje prchavé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
This paper aimed to elaborate the technology of the production of a composite tincture with an immunostimulatory and adaptogenic effect, to select suitable methods of quality evaluation, and perform stability tests. The tops of the purple coneflower (Echinaceae herba) and fruits of the dog rose (Cynosbati fructus) in a ratio of 1:1 were employed to prepare the tincture. The tincture itself was prepared in a ratio of 1:5. The experiment revealed that ethanol 50% was the most suitable extracting agent. The optimal conditions for the obtaining of a quality tincture are formed when the drug is disintegrated into the required degree by grinding, percolation is used for extraction, and the rate of flowing of the extract from the percolator is 0.2 ml/min/100g of the drug. The determination of the dry residue, relative density, ethanol concentration and content of cichoric acid (spectrophotometrically), ascorbic acid (oxidimetrically), and tannins (manganometrically) served to evaluate the quality of prepared extracts. Stability tests (temperature 25+/-2 degrees C, relative humidity 60+/-5%, period of 2 years) have shown that the prepared tincture maintains its quality parameters for the given period.
- MeSH
- Echinacea * MeSH
- farmaceutická chemie MeSH
- fytoterapie * MeSH
- Rosa * MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky * MeSH
The paper examined the effect of production-technological conditions in relation to the ontogenetic stage of plants in three different species of the genus Echinacea Moench., comparing the species Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea atrorubens, and Echinacea pallida. It also examined the differences in the content of essential oil in different plant organs and evaluated the representation of individual components in the essential oils of the species under study at the stage of the optimal maturity for collection.
