PURPOSE: Penetrating eye trauma with an intraocular foreign body is very frequent, especially in men in their productive age. Pars plana vitrectomy would be the standard surgical method at our department. However, in indicated cases (metallic intraocular bodies in the posterior eye segment in young patients with well transparent ocular media without detached ZSM and without any evident vitreoretinal traction) transscleral extraction of the intraocular foreign body is performed using the exo magnet, eventually endo magnet with a minimal PPV without PVD induction under the visual control of endo-illumination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 2003 and June 2018, 66 eyes of 66 patients diagnosed with a penetrating eye trauma caused by an intraocular foreign body located in the posterior eye segment were treated. In 18 eyes (27,3 %) with a metallic foreign body in vitreous (body) or in retina, no PPV or a minimal PPV without PVD was used as a surgical method. In the remaining 48 eyes (72,7 %), a standard 20G, respectively 23G PPV method were used together with PVD induction and the foreign body extraction via endo or exo magnet. CONCLUSIONS: As demonstrated by our survey/study, in the cases of a thoroughly considered indication an experimented vitreoretinal surgeon can perform a safe NCT transscleral extraction from the posterior eye segment via exo magnet, eventually endo magnet under the visual control of a contact display system with a minimal PPV. Thereby, the surgeon can enhance the patient´s chance to preserve their own lens and its accommodative abilities as well as reduce the risk of further surgical interventions of the afflicted eye.

• Klíčová slova
• exomagnet/endomagnet, limited PPV, metallic IOFB, minimal PPV, penetrating eye trauma, transscleral extraction, vitreoretinal traction,
• MeSH
• cizí těleso v oku * diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka * diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• vitrektomie MeSH
• zadní segment oční * MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Sometimes intraorbital foreign bodies lead to unexpected findings. A 16-year old boy was referred due to ocular surface trauma. A conjunctival laceration was detected at the level of the left caruncle with associated left exotropia, reduced adduction as well as a preretinal hemorrhage along the nasal periphery of the fundus. A blow-out fracture of the medial orbital wall was suspected and a CT scan of the orbits was scheduled which revealed the presence of a large intraorbital foreign body. The removal of the intraorbital foreign body (which proved to be a bullet) and precautionary laser photocoagulation along the nasal periphery of the left eye were performed. Ocular surface trauma may reveal unexpected findings, such as an intraorbital foreign body, requiring investigation by a CT scan.

• MeSH
• cizí těleso v oku diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• orbita diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• střelné rány diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

The aim of the study was to determine temporal TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 gene expression profiles in the anterior lens capsule of paediatric patients with posttraumatic cataract. The patient group comprised 22 children selected with a fragment of anterior lens capsule obtained during elective cataract surgery and sampled for molecular analysis. The levels of TGF-β isoforms in the anterior lens capsule were determined based on the number of mRNA copies per 1 μg total RNA by real-time qRTPCR. Three time-related result clusters were identified based on hierarchical cluster analysis: 2.2, 4.4 and 15.0 months (time span from injury to anterior capsule sampling during surgery) and compared with regard to temporal gene expression profile and quantitative relations of TGF-β1, 2 and 3 mRNAs. TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 mRNAs were detected in all anterior lens capsule samples. A comparative analysis revealed: TGF-β1>TGF-β2>TGF-β3 during the entire observation period. The TGF-β mRNA levels continued to increase up to four months after injury, then returning close to the base levels after around 15 months. The expression patterns of TGF-β isoforms showed a similar tendency. Differences in the expression levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 between the particular clusters were statistically significant. Posttraumatic transcriptional activities of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in the anterior lens capsule of paediatric patients depend on the time elapsing from injury. Our findings indicate that the transcriptional activities of TGFB family genes show a transient period of over-expression during the months after injury. TGF-β1 is a dominant isoform expressed in lens epithelial cells following injury.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• epitelové buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• messenger RNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• oční čočka metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka genetika   patologie   MeSH
• pouzdro oční čočky metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• regulace genové exprese MeSH
• transformující růstový faktor beta genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• messenger RNA MeSH
• transformující růstový faktor beta MeSH

Perforating injuries involving the anterior as well as the posterior segment of the eye count among serious conditions requiring several consequential surgical treatments. The anatomical and functional result is often monocular partial or total aniridia together with aphakia. One among the possibilities to correct this condition is the secondary implantation of the stenopeic aniridiae posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL).

• MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nitrooční čočky MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka chirurgie   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate morphological and functional results of therapy in patients with endophthalmitis associated with intraocular foreign bodies in posterior segment in retrospective study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava we treated 216 patients (216 eyes) with intraocular foreign bodies in posterior segment of the eye in the years 1989-2007. Endophthalmitis developed in 34 eyes (15.7%). Patients were in age between 7-59 years, average 35.6 years. Patients were examined in outpatient department, follow up ranged from 1 month to 5.6 years, average 1.6 years. We evaluated epidemiological factors, morphological and functional results in this study. RESULTS: Good morphological results were achieved in 18 patients (52.9%) and bad morphological results in 16 patients (47.1%). Enucleation, evisceration of the globe, phthisis and retinal detachment were defined as bad morphological results. Initial visual acuity 5/50 and better had 4 patients (11.8%), less than 5/50 and better than hand movement had 4 patients (11.8%) and hand movement and less had 26 patients (76.5%). Final visual acuity 5/50 and better had 8 patients (23.5%), less 5/50 and better than hand movement had 4 patients (11.8%) and hand movement and less had 22 patients (64.7%). CONCLUSION: Early recognition and correct treatment of posttraumatic endophthalmitis is necessary for maintaining of the eye and its functions. Initial visual acuity better than hand movement is a good prognostic factor.

• MeSH
• cizí těleso v oku komplikace   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endoftalmitida etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka komplikace   diagnóza   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: The aim of our study was to evaluate the results of the treatment of postoperative and posttraumatic endophthalmitis by means of primary vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotic application. METHODS: In 42 patients treated for postoperative and posttraumatic endophthalmitis during the period January 2000-March 2006 at the University Department of Ophthalmology in Leipzig, Germany, EU, the postoperative visual acuity was followed-up. Furthermore, the results of microbial cultivation of the vitreous sample and the correlation between the final visual acuity and the causing etiological agent were evaluated. The treatment of endophthalmitis in 39 patients consisted of the primary vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotics application; in three patients, solely the intravitreal injection of antibiotics was performed. In all patients, the antibiotics were administered locally and intravenously as well. The postoperative follow-up period lasted between 2 weeks to 24 months (median, 4.5 months). RESULTS: The cause of endophthalmitis was in 31 (73%) patients the cataract surgery or secondary implantation of the intraocular lens; and in 4 (10%) patients the previous pars plana vitrectomy was performed. In 2 patients (5%) the endophthalmitis developed after trabeculectomy and in 5 (21%) patients, the endophthalmitis followed after perforating eye trauma. By means of microbiological cultivation, the agent was proved in 20 patients. The most common cause of endophthalmitis was Staphylococcus epidermidis. The postoperative improvement of the visual acuity we noticed in 39 patients. The final visual acuity better than 1/50 was reached by 88% of patients, thereof in 52% we proved at the end of the follow-up period the visual acuity better than 0.5. CONCLUSION: The primary vitrectomy with intravitreal application of antibiotics combining with local as well as intravenous applications of antibiotics is a successful method of endophthalmitis treatment; in our study, in 88% of patients, the partial (orientational) vision was maintained.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• endoftalmitida etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• oftalmologické chirurgické výkony škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka komplikace   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vitrektomie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH

The open eye injury, caused by the penetration of the wire from the rotating steel wire brush is relatively frequent eye injury. In the Czech language, the phrase "better than with the wire into the eye ..." is used as the adage to compare the seriousness of the moment. In a case report, the authors describe a penetrating injury caused by a wire from the steel wire brush, its course, surgical treatment, complications, and final finding. The authors correlate the meaning of the phrase with their own case of injury and its anatomical and functional results.

• MeSH
• cizí těleso v oku patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kovy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kovy MeSH

Authors present the possibilities of extensive submacular hemorrhage surgery in a patient after serious eye injury with bleeding into the vitreous and underneath the retina. The combination of vitrectomy with tissue plasminogen activator application into the subretinal space allows better to dissolve the coagulated blood and facilitates its removal. This procedure with correct operation technique decreases the damage of the retinal tissue and consequently preserves the photoreceptors' function. In this report, a result of surgical treatment in a 22-year-old man is presented. In the presence of intravitreal bleeding and submacular hemorrhage, during the vitrectomy the tissue plasminogen activator was used, which during few minutes dissolved the already coagulated hemorrhage and facilitated its whole removal from the subretinal space.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fibrinolytika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka komplikace   MeSH
• retinální krvácení farmakoterapie   chirurgie   MeSH
• tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu terapeutické užití   MeSH
• vitrektomie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fibrinolytika MeSH
• tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu MeSH

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasound findings in eyes with endophthalmitis following penetrating injury and to establish unfavorable predictive signs of this serious disease. In a retrospective study we evaluated findings in 7 eyes of 7 patients followed up because of posttraumatic endophthalmitis at the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, in Olomouc, Czech Republic, EU, during the period September 1999-December 2004. The mean age of the patients was 37.3 years (range 22-49 years). The mean duration of the period between the injury and the formation of the endophthalmitis was 8.4 days (range 1-21 days). The visual acuity at the time of admittance was very low; it ranged between light perception and 1/60 (0,016 or 20/1200). All patients underwent diagnostic-therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy with vitreous samples taken for microbiological examination and intravitreal antibiotic application. The final visual acuity (VA) ranged from 1/60 (0,016 or 20/1200) to 6/12 (0.5 or 20/40), so it was very variable and that gave us the possibility to follow the connection between the final VA and seriousness of the penetrating injury, and also with the interval between the emergence of the endophthalmitis and beginning of its treatment. During the ultrasound examination, the presence of membranes in the vitreous body, posterior vitreous detachment, thickening of the choroid, detachment of the choroid and detachment of the retina were of concern to us. Membranes were present in the vitreous in 5 eyes. Without membranes detected by the ultrasound, there were 2 eyes; in both of them the final VA was better than 6/36 (0,1667 or 20/120). The posterior vitreous detachment was detected in 3 eyes, and not detected in four eyes. We didn't find any connection between the final VA and posterior vitreous detachment. The thickening of the choroid was present at the ultrasound examination in all seven eyes. The detachment of the choroid was not found in any eye. The retina was detached in two eyes. In three eyes only, the final central VA was better than 6/36 (0.1667 or 20/120). In two of them, the intraocular foreign body was found and in both the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected. In the third eye, the soil bacteria Enterococcus and Klebsiela were cultivated. The ultrasound findings in these three eyes are identical only in the term of thickening of the choroid, similar to other eyes. In two of them no membranes were detected by ultrasound and no posterior vitreous detachment was found. The ultrasound examination in eyes with endophthalmitis after penetrating injury is specific in particular because of the mechanism of the injury. In contrast to the cases of the postoperative endophthalmitis, no prognostic unfavorable sings in the ultrasound examination can be strictly identified.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endoftalmitida diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oči diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• oční infekce bakteriální diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka komplikace   MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: The aim of this study was to establish the correlation coefficient between given parameters of the entering wound and final position of the metallic intraocular foreign body. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients (50 eyes) with a penetrating injury of the eye and present metallic intraocular foreign body were included in this study. Clinically found data of the entering wound and final position of the intraocular foreign body (IFB) as well were transformed with a computer model into the three-dimensional parameters. Both parameters were statistically evaluated by means of correlation analysis, and correlation coefficient and determination coefficient were calculated. RESULTS: The extent of correlation between two variables is called correlation coefficient. The coefficient values range between -1 to +1. The closer is the calculated value to ranges (to -1 or to +1) the more are the two variables more correlated. The coefficient of determination values range from 0 to +1. The closer the results are to +1, the better the model describes the dependence between the two variables. The results obtained by means of correlation analysis were for the correlation coefficient 0.454, and for the coefficient of determination 0.6411 respectively. CONCLUSION: Results of the correlation analysis show that the knowledge of coordinates of the entering wound has no prediction value for final position of the foreign body in the eye. These two variables are not correlated and so the accurate final position of the foreign body cannot be predicted. The final position of the intraocular metallic foreign body is probably influenced by biophysical factors not included in this study.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• cizí těleso v oku patofyziologie   MeSH
• kovy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penetrující poranění oka patofyziologie   MeSH
• počítačová simulace * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kovy MeSH