In this study, we isolated and characterized a Siphoviridae phage isolated from the vicinity of a religious structure (Kaaba) in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The phage was designated as φBM and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, restriction digestion of its DNA, and host range. Electron micrograph indicated that φBM phage has an icosahedral head with diameter of about 65 ± 5 nm and long, non-contractile tail with length of about 300 ± 10 nm and width of about 17 ± 2 nm, respectively. On the basis of the φBM phage morphology, we thus propose that φBM represents a member of Siphoviridae phages. The φBM phage was shown to be able to infect Bacillus megaterium and two other Bacillus species and has no effect on other tested bacteria. φBM was stable over the pH range of 5-9, chloroform resistant and stable at 4 °C. A one-step growth experiment showed a latent period of about 40 min and a burst size of approximately 65 per infected cell. The purified bacteriophage appeared to consist of ten proteins. The genome size was estimated to be ∼38 kb. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of a bacteriophage from Kaaba a heavily trafficked holy site in Saudi Arabia.

• MeSH
• Bacillus megaterium izolace a purifikace   virologie   MeSH
• chloroform toxicita   MeSH
• DNA virů genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fágy bacilů klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• hostitelská specificita MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• mikrobiální viabilita účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• mikrobiologie životního prostředí MeSH
• restrikční mapování MeSH
• Siphoviridae klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Saudská Arábie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chloroform MeSH
• DNA virů MeSH

Male albino rats were orally treated in a single dose with 40 mg allyl alcohol/kg or 50 mg 4,4'-methylenedianilline/kg, or 100 mg 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane/kg, or 400 mg carbon tetrachloride/kg, or 800 mg chloroforme/kg, immediately after-wards exposed to increased temperature (35 degrees C, 50% RH, 4 h), and examined 20--22 hours later. Under these conditions, only carbon tetrachloride led to a more intensified changes manifesting themselves in changes of the serum enzymes LAP, ALAT, and GLDH, as well as in liver histology. The liver lesions, caused by the substances mentioned, reacted to an additional thermal strain in a comparable manner as the LD50-values determined under identical exposure conditions. The temperature-dependent enhancement of the carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity is ascribed to an intensification of liver peroxidation processes due to increased core temperature.

• MeSH
• 1-propanol toxicita   MeSH
• aniliny toxicita   MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny toxicita   MeSH
• chlorid uhličitý toxicita   MeSH
• chloroform toxicita   MeSH
• chlorované uhlovodíky toxicita   MeSH
• ethan analogy a deriváty   toxicita   MeSH
• játra účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• propanoly * MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 1-propanol MeSH
• 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane MeSH Prohlížeč
• 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane MeSH Prohlížeč
• allyl alcohol MeSH Prohlížeč
• aniliny MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
• chlorid uhličitý MeSH
• chloroform MeSH
• chlorované uhlovodíky MeSH
• ethan MeSH
• propanoly * MeSH