Sodium phosphate solutions are commonly used to cleanse the bowel in preparation for colonoscopy, for barium enema or surgical procedures and eventually for treatment of severe constipation. Though relatively safe, these drugs must be used with caution in patients with kidney disease, small intestinal disorders, or poor gut motility and are prohibited in renal insufficiency and bowel obstruction. Especially elderly patients are at increased risk for phosphate intoxication due to decreased glomerular filtration rate, concomitant medication use, and systemic and gastrointestinal diseases. Sodium phosphate solution could induce by at-risk patients serious electrolyte abnormalities (hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia) and acute kidney injury called acute phosphate nephropathy, which is potentially life-threatening condition with slowly progressive renal insufficiency. This article gives a report on two cases of severe adverse effects after administration of oral sodium phosphate solution: an elderly women who developed increase in serum phosphate with compensatory severe hypokalcemia with tetany; and an elderly man who developed acute phosphate nephropathy following colon preparation prior to colonoscopy and barium enema. Especially in elderly and in patients in whom sodium phosphate solution is contraindicated or should be used with caution, we recommend to use isosmotic macrogol (polyethylene glycol) solution for the bowel cleansing a for the treatment of constipation.

• MeSH
• akutní poškození ledvin chemicky indukované   diagnóza   MeSH
• aplikace orální MeSH
• fosfáty toxicita   MeSH
• kolonoskopie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• purgativa toxicita   MeSH
• riziko MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• vodní a elektrolytová nerovnováha chemicky indukované   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fosfáty MeSH
• purgativa MeSH
• sodium phosphate MeSH Prohlížeč

The phosphor industry in Morocco employs a great number of workers that may be exposed to this essential but also toxic compound. In the present investigation, professionally exposed subjects from two different production lines (miners and production unit workers) were investigated for the presence of genetic damage in their peripheral blood lymphocytes. This was done with the well-known micronucleus assay. The proliferation and mitotic indices were also investigated. It was found that the micronucleus frequency was considerably increased compared to the frequency in non-exposed control subjects. Mitotic and proliferation indices were not increased, at least not in a statistically significant way. At the time being this investigation should be considered as a preliminary study in which the influence of potential confounders cannot be adequately assessed. However, our results are non-equivocal and clearly indicate a potential health risk in these workers.

• MeSH
• cytochalasin B farmakologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fosfáty analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrojaderné testy MeSH
• pracovní expozice MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytochalasin B MeSH
• fosfáty MeSH

Toxicities expressed as LD50 values of 2-dialkylaminoalkyl-(dialkylamido)-fluorophosphates for rats and mice (i.m. administration) were determined. Rats were more sensitive to these compounds than mice: LD50 values varied from 17 (rats) to 1222 (mice) micrograms/kg. LD50 values at different routes of administration (i.v., i.m., s.c., p.o. and p.c.) for one derivative of this group, 2-dimethylaminoethyl-(dimethylamido)-fluorophosphate, were determined. Depending on the route of administration, LD50 values varied from 11 (i.v.) to 190 (p.o.) micrograms/kg for rats and from 27.6 (i.v.) to 222 (p.o.) micrograms/kg for mice, respectively. Percutaneous toxicity in rats only (LD50 = 1366 micrograms/kg) was determined.

• MeSH
• fluorované uhlovodíky toxicita   MeSH
• fosfáty toxicita   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• LD50 MeSH
• myši MeSH
• způsoby aplikace léků MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorované uhlovodíky MeSH
• fosfáty MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• PHOSPHATES/toxicology *,
• MeSH
• fosfáty toxicita   MeSH
• organofosfáty * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fosfáty MeSH
• organofosfáty * MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• DUST *, OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES/etiology *, PHOSPHATES/toxicology *,
• MeSH
• difosfáty * MeSH
• fosfáty toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci z povolání etiologie   MeSH
• prach * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• difosfáty * MeSH
• fosfáty MeSH
• prach * MeSH
• superphosphate MeSH Prohlížeč