The mechanisms of free-radical injury include reactions with proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides; and covalent binding to membrane components and initiation of lipid peroxidation. Cells have developed antioxidant defense to prevent free-radical injury including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Significantly higher concentrations of total malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma (1.22 +/- 0.42 vs. 0.64 +/- 0.22 micromol/L, p < 0.0001) as well as erythrocytes (2.56 +/- 1.28 vs. 1.03 +/- 0.44 micromol/L, p < 0.0001) of the CAPD patients were found when compared to the control group. The free MDA in plasma and the erythrocytes do not differ significantly in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and the control group. A significantly lower activity of GPx in erythrocytes of CAPD patients (17.85 +/- 2.63 U/g Hb vs. 23.26 +/- 3.61 U/g Hb, p < 0.0001) was found when compared to the control group, but the SOD activity in erythrocytes is not different (2272.36 +/- 579.92 U/g Hb vs. 2347.13 +/- 502.51 U/g Hg, NS). Our results show an increase of total MDA in erythrocytes and plasma. MDA is the product of lipid peroxidation with decreasing activity of GPx, which is capable of detoxifying peroxides. The activity of SOD did not change in CAPD patients. These results propose a possible role of free radicals with reduced antioxidant activity of GPx in CAPD patients and indicate that they could play some role in other pathological conditions such as atherogenesis and hemolysis.

• MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• antioxidancia * MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• glomerulonefritida krev   terapie   MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa krev   MeSH
• hemoglobiny analýza   MeSH
• intersticiální nefritida krev   terapie   MeSH
• kontinuální ambulantní peritoneální dialýza * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malondialdehyd krev   MeSH
• peroxidace lipidů * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia * MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa MeSH
• hemoglobiny MeSH
• malondialdehyd MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

CAPD was introduced in the U.S.A in 1978 as a new technique of peritoneal dialysis and as a self-treatment method and new possibility of renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal failure. Up to this time peritoneal dialysis stood in the shade of hemodialysis, so that the new technique brought about a true renaissance of peritoneal dialysis. Owing to its advantages CAPD rapidly expanded worldwide and the number of CAPD patients is still increasing. Patients who could not be taken into consideration for renal replacement treatment because of shortage of facilities, could now be accepted in increasing number; a new era of renal replacement therapy began. The article describes the technique, the advantages, disadvantages and the problems regarding the indications for CAPD as is the status in the year 1991.

• MeSH
• chronické selhání ledvin terapie   MeSH
• kontinuální ambulantní peritoneální dialýza * škodlivé účinky   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH