OBJECTIVE: Both panic disorder (PD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are frequent conditions that can be comorbid. This article reviews the current state of knowledge about the comorbidity of PD and OSA and the effectiveness of therapy in patients with this comorbidity. METHOD: Articles obtained via PubMed and Web of Science search were selected; the publishing date was between January 1990 and December 2022. The applied search terms were: obstructive sleep apnea; panic disorder; CPAP; antidepressants; anxiolytics; antipsychotics. Eighty-one articles were chosen by primary search via keywords. After a complete assessment of the full texts, 60 papers were chosen. Secondary papers from the references of the primary documents were investigated, evaluated for suitability, and included in the list of documents (n = 18). Thus, seventy-eight papers were incorporated into the review article. RESULTS: Studies describe a greater prevalence of panic disorder in OSA patients. So far, there is no data on the prevalence of OSA in PD patients. Limited evidence is found regarding the influence of CPAP treatment on PD, and this evidence suggests that CPAP can partially alleviate PD symptoms. Medication used in PD treatment can significantly impact comorbid OSA, as explored in several studies. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between the two conditions seems bidirectional, and it is necessary to assess OSA patients for comorbid panic disorder and vice versa. Both disorders can worsen the other and must be treated with a complex approach to ensure improvement in patients' physical health and psychological well-being.

• MeSH
• anxiolytika * MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obstrukční spánková apnoe * epidemiologie   terapie   diagnóza   MeSH
• panická porucha * komplikace   epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• trvalý přetlak v dýchacích cestách MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anxiolytika * MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the relation between severity of panic disorder, adverse events in childhood, dissociation, self-stigma and comorbid personality disorders. The aim of this study is to look for the intercorrelations between these factors. METHOD: The study explores the relation between clinical, demographic and social factors in panic disorder using cross sectional design. The inpatients with pharmacoresistant panic disorder with and without agoraphobia were included in the study. Participants were also assessed for comorbidity with other anxiety or personality disorder. The Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and demographic data were used as measurement tools. RESULTS: A total of 142 pharmacoresistant patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia were admitted for 6-week cognitive behavioral therapy inpatient program in psychotherapeutic department between November 2015 and July 2019. One hundred and five inpatients (33 males and 72 females) with mean age 37.8 + 12.1 years were included in the study. Sixty-nine patients suffer from additional comorbid anxiety disorder and 43 had comorbid personality disorder.

• MeSH
• demografie MeSH
• disociační poruchy epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• léková rezistence fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nepříznivé zkušenosti z dětství statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• panická porucha komplikace   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• poruchy osobnosti komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
• psychometrie MeSH
• sebepojetí * MeSH
• společenské stigma * MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• vývoj dítěte fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: A combination of antidepressants with the cognitive-behavioural therapy showed effectiveness in treatment-resistant patients with panic disorder. This prospective study intended to establish how childhood adverse experiences, self-stigma, dissociation, and severity of psychopathology influence the effectiveness of combined cognitive-behavioural therapy and pharmacotherapy in patients with treatment-resistant panic disorder. METHODS: One hundred and ten patients were included into the study and one hundred five subjects finished the study. After admission, the subjects were assessed during the first two days of hospitalization. Rating scales were administered before the beginning of the cognitive behavioural therapy (measurement-1) and at the end of the treatment which was after six weeks (measurement-2). Patients with panic disorder were treated using a combination of group cognitive-behavioural therapy and antidepressants. The usual antidepressant dosage range was used. Before admission to intensive cognitive behavioural therapy program, the patients were unsuccessfully treated by antidepressants for minimum 3 months, which defined them as pharmacoresistant. RESULTS: Hospitalized pharmacoresistant patients with panic disorder improved significantly throughout the 6-week intensive CBT program in all measurements that assessed the overall severity of the disorder, the degree of general anxiety and depression and the severity of specific symptoms of panic disorder and agoraphobia. The rate of improvement was negatively related to sexual abuse in childhood, presence of comorbid personality disorder, and positively with the severity of the disorder at the beginning, and the level of self-stigma at the beginning of treatment. Improvement in symptoms correlates significantly with decreasing of dissociation during the treatment.severity of depressive symptoms. The earlier development of the disorder is linked to higher score in childhood adverse events, higher level of dissociation and pathological dissociation, and higher level of self-stigma. CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective study discovers importance of the role of adverse childhood experiences, self-stigma, dissociation and comorbid personality disorder in effectiveness of combined cognitive-behavioural therapy and pharmacotherapy treatment in patients with treatment-resistant panic disorder.

• MeSH
• antidepresiva terapeutické užití   MeSH
• disociační poruchy komplikace   epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kognitivně behaviorální terapie * MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• léková rezistence * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nepříznivé zkušenosti z dětství * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• pacienti hospitalizovaní MeSH
• panická porucha diagnóza   epidemiologie   psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• poruchy osobnosti epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• společenské stigma MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• vývoj dítěte fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antidepresiva MeSH

BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are common in patients with bipolar disorder and show considerable influence on the course of the disease and response to treatment. METHOD: We conducted a series of literature searches using key words, such as bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders, as items in indexed fields. The studies were obtained through a MEDLINE search from 1970 to 2012. We also examined additional studies cited in articles from these searches or our previous studies. RESULTS: Several studies have shown poorer outcomes for patients with bipolar and comorbid anxiety disorders. Some studies have indicated worse outcomes in patients with bipolar disorder and associated anxiety disorders. Shorter periods of euthymia, increased suicidal thoughts and an increased number of suicide attempts were observed. Whether the effective treatment of anxiety reduces suicide and the severity of bipolar disorder or improves the response to treatment remains unknown. There are no well-designed intervention studies in bipolar patients with anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION: Further studies concerning the influence of anxiety on the course of bipolar disorder would be useful.

• MeSH
• bipolární porucha epidemiologie   MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• panická porucha epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• úzkostné poruchy epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Disturbed night sleep is a common complaint of patients with panic disorder. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether the sleep disturbances can be successively influenced by the standard therapy for treating panic disorder. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Psychiatric examinations of 20 outpatients with panic disorder were supplemented with a study of sleep quality using standardised interviews, sleep logs and polysomnographic recordings. RESULTS: A statistical comparison of data showed that reduced anxiety after successful treatment of panic disorder was not necessarily followed by improved sleep parameters. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the conventional therapy applied to these patients is not sufficient to treat the co-existing insomnia. Consequently, it seems to be of importance to supplement the treatment of panic disorders with specific treatment of the sleep disturbance.

• MeSH
• Diagnostický a statistický manuál mentálních poruch MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• kognitivně behaviorální terapie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• panická porucha diagnóza   epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• polysomnografie MeSH
• poruchy spánku a bdění diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• stadia spánku MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• úzkost diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH