Tonsillectomy is a routine surgery in otorhinolaryngology and the occurrence of postoperative bleeding is not a rare complication. The aim of this retrospective, observational, analytic, cohort study is to compare the incidence of this complication for the most common indications. A group of patients indicated for tonsillectomies for peritonsillar abscess (group I) was compared to a group of patients indicated for chronic and recurrent tonsillitis (group II). There are a lot of pathophysiological differences in patients indicated for acute tonsillectomy for peritonsillar abscess and in patients indicated for elective tonsillectomy for chronic or recurrent tonsillitis. No technique to minimize the risk of bleeding after tonsillectomy has been found and a large part of postoperative bleeding occurs in postoperative home-care, which makes this issue topical. In total, 2842 unilateral tonsillectomies from the years 2014-2019 were included in the study. Bleeding occurred in 10.03% and, surprisingly, despite completely different conditions in the field of surgery (oedema, acute inflammation in peritonsillar abscess), there was no statistically significant difference between incidence of postoperative bleeding in the studied groups (p = 0.9920). The highest incidence of bleeding was found in the patients of group I on the eighth postoperative day, with those aged 20-24 years (p = 0.0235) being the most at risk, and in group II, on the sixth postoperative day, with those aged 25-29 years (p = 0.0128) and 45-49 years (p = 0.0249) being the most at risk.

• Klíčová slova
• chronic tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, personalized treatment, postoperative bleeding, recurrent tonsillitis,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• peritonzilární absces * epidemiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• tonzilektomie * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• tonzilitida * epidemiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is the most common complication of tonsillitis. Cultivation usually reveals a wide spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic microbiota. This retrospective study compared PTA incidence and the spectrum of individual microbial findings in groups of patients divided by gender, age, and season. Of the 966 samples cultivated, a positive cultivation finding was detected in 606 patients (62.73%). Cultivation findings were negative in 360 (37.27%), meaning no pathogen was present or only common microbiota was cultivated. The highest incidence of PTA was found in group I patients (19-50 years) (p ≤ 0.0001) and the most frequently cultured pathogens was Streptococcus pyogenes (36.23%). Gender seemed to have an influence on the results, with higher incidence found in males (p ≤ 0.0001). The analysis of correlation between PTA incidence and season did not yield statistically significant results (p = 0.4396) and no statistically significant differences were observed in individual pathogen frequency. PTA had a higher incidence in adult males and a slightly higher incidence in girls in childhood. The following findings are clinically significant and have implications for antibiotic treatment strategy: (1) the most frequently cultivated pathogen was Streptococcus pyogenes; (2) an increased incidence of anaerobes was proven in the oldest group (>50 years).

• Klíčová slova
• bacteriology, incidence, patient stratification, peritonsillar abscess, personalized treatment, primary prevention,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• peritonzilární absces epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Streptococcus pyogenes MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH