OBJECTIVES: The current study aims to examine how social exclusion is related to subjective well-being in older adults across different European regions. METHODS: European population-based cross-sectional study design was employed using data sampled from the eighth round of the European Social Survey (ESS). Multiple items for social exclusion were used in this round, including household income, civic participation, frequent meetings with friends and relatives, basic health services, and neighborhood cohesion. Life satisfaction, happiness, and self-rated general health were also assessed. An ANOVA was performed to examine the regional differences related to social exclusion and subjective well-being, while a regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the social exclusion and subjective well-being. RESULTS: There were significant regional differences in the social exclusion and subjective well-being of older Europeans. In addition, older adults in the Nordic nations are more likely to indicate higher levels of subjective well-being and lower levels of social exclusion, while older adults from Central and Eastern European nations tend to report lower levels of subjective well-being and higher levels of social exclusion. Material resources and basic services are highlighted as the most important domains pertaining to life satisfaction, happiness, and general health. DISCUSSION: The study findings reinforce the inequality in subjective well-being linked to social exclusion across different societies. Both global and country-specific exclusion models in later life should be implemented in order to enhance comparable research and provide insight into EU and national guidelines for interventions to diminish social exclusion.

• Klíčová slova
• Cross-cultural difference, Life satisfaction, Self-rated health, Social exclusion,
• MeSH
• charakteristiky bydlení MeSH
• diagnostické sebehodnocení * MeSH
• duševní zdraví * MeSH
• kvalita života * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sociální izolace psychologie   MeSH
• sociální psychologie MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory * MeSH
• srovnání kultur MeSH
• stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• zapojení do společnosti psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH

OBJECTIVE: We examined changes in participation in cognitive, social, and physical leisure activities across middle and older adulthood and tested moderation of trajectories of change in participation by gender. METHOD: In all, 1,398 participants in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA) completed a 7-item leisure activity questionnaire up to 4 times over 17 years. Mean baseline age was 64.9 years (range = 36-91); 59% were women. Factor analysis identified physical, social, and cognitive/sedentary leisure activity participation factors. Age-based latent growth curve models adjusted for marital status, gender, education, depressive symptoms, and physical health were used. RESULTS: Overall, results indicated stability in social activities, increase in cognitive/sedentary activities, and decrease in physical activities, as well as accelerated decline in all three types of activities after about the age of 70 years. Social activity remained mostly stable for women and declined for men. Women reported higher levels of cognitive/sedentary leisure activity across the study. Both men and women declined in physical leisure activity. Variance in leisure activities increased with age; men demonstrated more variance in social activities and women in physical activities. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding change in leisure activities with age and by gender can have important implications for interventions and for use of leisure activity data in epidemiological research.

• MeSH
• cvičení * psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dvojčata psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• sedavý životní styl * MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity * psychologie   MeSH
• zapojení do společnosti * psychologie   MeSH
• zdravotní stav MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• studie na dvojčatech MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Švédsko MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether nursing home residents with concurrent vision and hearing impairment, dual sensory impairment (DSI), have a greater cognitive decline over time than do those without sensory impairment and whether social engagement modifies this association. METHODS: Based on the Services and Health for Elderly in Long TERm Care study, 1,989 nursing home residents who were assessed using the interRAI LTCF at 6-month intervals over 1 year were included. Multivariate linear regression models with time-variant exposure variables of sensory impairment and social engagement using generalized estimating equations were performed to predict cognitive function measured by the Cognitive Performance Scale (range 0-6). RESULTS: Residents with DSI had a greater cognitive decline [changes in Cognitive Performance Scale over 1 year = 1.12 (95% confidence interval = 0.81:1.42)] compared to those with either vision or hearing impairment [0.67 (0.53:0.64)] and those without sensory impairment [0.56 (0.48:0.64)]. A lower level of social engagement was also associated with a greater cognitive decline. The combined exposure variable of sensory impairment and social engagement revealed the greatest cognitive decline for socially disengaged residents with DSI [1.87 (1.24:2.51)] and the potential effect modification of social engagement on the association between DSI and cognitive decline; DSI was not associated with a greater cognitive decline among socially engaged residents, while it was associated among socially disengaged residents DISCUSSION: Cognitive function declines faster in nursing home residents with DSI only when residents were not socially engaged. Therefore, residents with DSI might cognitively benefit from interventions to improve involvement in social life at nursing homes.

• Klíčová slova
• Cognitive ageing, Dual sensory impairment, Nursing home., Social engagement,
• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• domovy pro seniory statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení metody   MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• kognice * MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy * diagnóza   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nedoslýchavost * komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• poruchy zraku * komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sociální opora MeSH
• zapojení do společnosti psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH