Increased awareness of the impact of human activities on the environment has emerged in recent decades. One significant global environmental and human health issue is the development of materials that could potentially have negative effects. These materials can accumulate in the environment, infiltrate organisms, and move up the food chain, causing toxic effects at various levels. Therefore, it is crucial to assess materials comprising nano-scale particles due to the rapid expansion of nanotechnology. The aquatic environment, particularly vulnerable to waste pollution, demands attention. This review provides an overview of the behavior and fate of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in the aquatic environment. It focuses on recent studies investigating the toxicity of different metallic NPs on aquatic organisms, with a specific emphasis on thiol-biomarkers of oxidative stress such as glutathione, thiol- and related-enzymes, and metallothionein. Additionally, the selection of suitable measurement methods for monitoring thiol-biomarkers in NPs' ecotoxicity assessments is discussed. The review also describes the analytical techniques employed for determining levels of oxidative stress biomarkers.

• Klíčová slova
• Aquatic organism, Glutathione, Mass spectrometry, Metallothionein, Oxidative stress,
• MeSH
• antioxidancia * metabolismus   MeSH
• biologické markery * metabolismus   MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * toxicita   analýza   MeSH
• glutathion metabolismus   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice * toxicita   chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metalothionein metabolismus   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• oxidační stres * účinky léků   MeSH
• peptidy toxicita   MeSH
• vodní organismy účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia * MeSH
• biologické markery * MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• metalothionein MeSH
• peptidy MeSH