Most cited article - PubMed ID 12503398
The effect of fulvic acids on the toxicity of lead and manganese to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices
Soil organic matter is known to influence arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, but limited information is available on the chemical components in the organic matter causing these effects. We studied the influence of decomposing organic matter (pure cellulose and alfalfa shoot and root material) on AM fungi after 30, 100, and 300 days of decomposition in nonsterile soil with and without addition of mineral N and P. Decomposing organic matter affected maize root length colonized by the AM fungus Glomus claroideum in a similar manner as other plant growth parameters. Colonized root length was slightly increased by both nitrogen and phosphorus application and plant materials, but not by application of cellulose. In vitro hyphal growth of Glomus intraradices was increased by soil extracts from the treatments with all types of organic materials independently of mineral N and P application. Pyrolysis of soil samples from the different decomposition treatments revealed in total 266 recognizable organic compounds and in vitro hyphal growth of G. intraradices in soil extract positively correlated with 33 of these compounds. The strongest correlation was found with 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid methyl ester. This compound is a typical product of pyrolysis of phenolic compounds produced by angiosperm woody plants, but in our experiment, it was produced mainly from cellulose by some components of the soil microflora. In conclusion, our results indicate that mycelia of AM fungi are influenced by organic matter decomposition both via compounds released during the decomposition process and also by secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms involved in organic matter decomposition.
- MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Cellulose metabolism MeSH
- Glomeromycota growth & development MeSH
- Humic Substances microbiology MeSH
- Hyphae growth & development MeSH
- Plant Roots microbiology MeSH
- Zea mays growth & development microbiology MeSH
- Medicago sativa metabolism MeSH
- Mycorrhizae growth & development MeSH
- Soil * analysis MeSH
- Soil Microbiology * MeSH
- Plant Shoots metabolism MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Cellulose MeSH
- Humic Substances MeSH
- Soil * MeSH
