Human disturbance is an ongoing threat to many wildlife species, manifesting as habitat destruction, resource overuse, or increased disease exposure, among others. With increasing human: non-human primate (NHP) encounters, NHPs are increasingly susceptible to human-introduced diseases, including those with parasitic origins. As such, epidemiology of parasitic disease is becoming an important consideration for NHP conservation strategies. To investigate the relationship between parasite infections and human disturbance we studied yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) living outside of national park boundaries in western Tanzania, collecting 135 fresh faecal samples from nine troops occupying areas with varying levels of human disturbance. We fixed all samples in 10% formalin and later evaluated parasite prevalence and abundance (of isotrichid ciliates and Strongylida). We identified seven protozoan and four helminth taxa. Taxa showed varied relationships with human disturbance, baboon troop size and host age. In four taxa, we found a positive association between prevalence and troop size. We also report a trend towards higher parasite prevalence of two taxa in less disturbed areas. To the contrary, high levels of human disturbance predicted increased abundance of isotrichid ciliates, although no relationship was found between disturbance and Strongylida abundance. Our results provide mixed evidence that human disturbance is associated with NHP parasite infections, highlighting the need to consider monitoring parasite infections when developing NHP conservation strategies.

• MeSH
• cizopasní červi fyziologie   MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• gastrointestinální nemoci epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• helmintózy zvířat epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidské činnosti statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• nemoci opic epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Papio cynocephalus parazitologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci střev epidemiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Tanzanie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Past research linked Toxoplasma gondii (TG) infection in humans with neurological and mental disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and attention disorders), irregularities of the dopaminergic and testosterone system, and increased likelihood of being involved in traffic accidents. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We test for an association between TG infection and financial decision-making (DM) using a case-control design in a sample of female Czech students (n = 79). We estimate each subject's risk attitude and loss aversion using an experimental economic task involving real monetary incentives. We find no significant evidence that either measure of decision-making is associated with TG infection. CONCLUSION: We were unable to find evidence of an association between TG infection and financial decision-making in females.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• finanční řízení * MeSH
• krevní skupiny - systém Rh-Hr genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• riskování * MeSH
• rozhodování MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• toxoplazmóza komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• krevní skupiny - systém Rh-Hr MeSH
• Rho(D) antigen MeSH Prohlížeč