Resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds continues to increase. There are several possibilities for protection against pathogenic microorganisms, for instance, preparation of new vaccines against resistant bacterial strains, use of specific bacteriophages, and searching for new antibiotics. The antibiotic search includes: (1) looking for new antibiotics from nontraditional or less traditional sources, (2) sequencing microbial genomes with the aim of finding genes specifying biosynthesis of antibiotics, (3) analyzing DNA from the environment (metagenomics), (4) re-examining forgotten natural compounds and products of their transformations, and (5) investigating new antibiotic targets in pathogenic bacteria.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Bacteria drug effects   genetics   MeSH
• Bacterial Infections prevention & control   MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics   MeSH
• Biological Products pharmacology   MeSH
• Genome, Bacterial MeSH
• Metagenomics MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Biological Products MeSH

Using the examples of biosynthesis of streptomycin, bialaphos, actinorhodin, oligoketides and autoregulators during the first hours of streptomycete cultivation, it is stressed that the external environment in cooperation with the internal metabolic abilities of the cell determines the metabolic type that would develop during the life cycle of the producing streptomycetes. If we accept that a certain metabolic type (from the point of view of the production of secondary metabolites) was determined already during the first hours of cultivation of the microorganisms, we must also admit that the availability of primary metabolites in the so-called production phase of growth (stationary phase, idiophase, etc.) is to a certain extent determined by the very early stages of strain development.

• MeSH
• Anthraquinones metabolism   MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents biosynthesis   MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Organophosphorus Compounds metabolism   MeSH
• Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial MeSH
• Streptomyces physiology   MeSH
• Streptomycin biosynthesis   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• actinorhodin MeSH Browser
• Anthraquinones MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• bialaphos MeSH Browser
• Organophosphorus Compounds MeSH
• Streptomycin MeSH