INTRODUCTION: Population health is one of the highest priorities for countries, which can translate into increased economic prosperity. This encourages research on health in an economic context. METHODS: The objective was to assess the relationships between health spending, treatable respiratory mortality, and gross domestic product (GDP) in countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The research was conducted with respect to health systems (tax-based, insurance-based) and gender differentiation of the productive population (aged 25-64 years). Descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and cluster analysis were used to achieve the main objective. The data covered the period from 1994 to 2016. RESULTS: The results of the regression analysis revealed negative relationships between health spending and treatable respiratory mortality in countries with a tax-based health system for male and female working-age populations, as well as in countries with an insurance-based health system for male population. This means that higher health spending was associated with lower treatable respiratory mortality. Also, lower treatable mortality was associated with higher GDP, especially in the male productive population from countries with an insurance-based health system. In this study, countries with a tax-based health system were characterized by higher health spending, lower rates of treatable mortality from respiratory system diseases, and higher GDP compared to countries with an insurance-based health system. Males reported a higher mortality rate than females. Among the countries with a tax-based health system, the United Kingdom and Latvia showed less positive outcomes, while Italy and Iceland were the countries with the most positive outcomes. Among the countries with an insurance-based health system, Hungary and Slovakia reported poor outcomes, while France, Switzerland and Luxembourg were characterized by very positive outcomes. The United States showed a high mortality rate despite its high economic outcomes, i.e., health spending and GDP. DISCUSSION: Health care financing in particular is one of the instruments of health policy. It seems that the leaders of countries should ensure a sufficient level of health financing, as higher health spending can contribute to lower mortality rates in a country. This may translate into higher productivity. Especially countries with underfunded health systems should increase their health spending.

• Klíčová slova
• GDP, OECD, health spending, health systems, productive population, respiratory diseases, treatable mortality,
• MeSH
• hrubý domácí produkt MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Organizace pro hospodářskou spolupráci a rozvoj * MeSH
• výdaje na zdravotnictví * MeSH
• zdravotní politika MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené státy americké MeSH
• Švýcarsko MeSH

The objective is to evaluate the relations between gender health inequalities and economic prosperity in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The groups included health indicators in the specification of men, women and gender inequalities: life expectancy, causes of mortality and avoidable mortality. The variable determining the economic prosperity was represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The analytical processing included descriptive analysis, analysis of differences and analysis of relationships. The regression analysis was presented as the main output of the research. Most of the significant gender differences in health showed a more positive outcome for women. It is possible to identify a certain relation between gender health inequalities and economic prosperity. If there is some reduction in gender inequalities in health, the economic prosperity will increase. The reduction seems to be more effective on the part of men than women. The output of the cluster analysis showed the relations of indicators evaluating the inequalities and the prosperity. The countries such as Luxembourg, Norway or Switzerland showed very positive outputs, on the other hand, the countries with a potential for the improvement are Lithuania, Latvia or Estonia. Overall, the policies should focus on reducing the inequalities in avoidable mortality as well as reducing the frequent diseases in younger people.

• Klíčová slova
• OECD, avoidable mortality, diseases, gender health inequalities, gross domestic product, health differences, health inequalities, life expectancy, mortality, prosperity of economy,
• MeSH
• disparity zdravotního stavu * MeSH
• hrubý domácí produkt * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• vyspělé země * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Estonsko MeSH
• Litva MeSH
• Lotyšsko MeSH
• Lucembursko MeSH
• Norsko MeSH
• Švýcarsko MeSH