BACKGROUND: Empirical evidence on the epidemiology of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia is limited in many countries in Central and Eastern Europe. We aimed to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia in the Czech Republic, Russia, Poland and Lithuania, and to identify the risk factors for the three chronic conditions. METHODS: We analysed cross-sectional data from the HAPIEE study, including adults aged 45-69 years in the Czech Republic, Russia, Poland and Lithuania, collected between 2002 and 2008 (total sample N = 30,882). Among prevalent cases, we estimated awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia by gender and country. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify associated risk factors. RESULTS: In each country among both men and women, we found high prevalence but low control of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Awareness rates of hypertension were the lowest in both men (61.40%) and women (69.21%) in the Czech Republic, while awareness rates of hypercholesterolemia were the highest in both men (46.51%) and women (51.20%) in Poland. Polish participants also had the highest rates of awareness (77.37% in men and 79.53% in women), treatment (71.99% in men and 74.87% in women) and control (30.98% in men and 38.08% in women) of diabetes. The common risk factors for the three chronic conditions were age, gender, education, obesity and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Patterns of awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia differed by country. Efforts should be made in all four countries to control these conditions, including implementation of international guidelines in everyday practice to improve detection and effective management of these conditions.

• Keywords
• Blood pressure, Central and Eastern Europe, Dyslipidemia, Fasting plasma glucose, Total cholesterol,
• MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus * epidemiology   therapy   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Hypercholesterolemia * epidemiology   therapy   MeSH
• Hypertension * epidemiology   therapy   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic epidemiology   MeSH
• Lithuania epidemiology   MeSH
• Poland epidemiology   MeSH
• Russia epidemiology   MeSH

BACKGROUND: A wide range of potentially modifiable risk factors, indicating that the onset of neurocognitive disorders can be delayed or prevented, have been identified. The region of Central and Eastern Europe has cultural, political and economic specifics that may influence the occurrence of risk factors and their link to the cognitive health of the population. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to systematically review population-based studies from Central and Eastern Europe to gather evidence on risk and protective factors for neurocognitive disorders. METHODS: We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase. The search was performed on 26th of February 2020 and repeated at the end of the review process on 20th May 2021. RESULTS: We included 25 papers in a narrative synthesis of the evidence describing cardiovascular risk factors (n = 7), social factors (n = 5), oxidative stress (n = 2), vitamins (n = 2), genetic factors (n = 2) and other areas (n = 7). We found that there was a good body of evidence on the association between neurocognitive disorders and the history of cardiovascular disease while there were gaps in research of genetic and social risk factors. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the epidemiological evidence from this region is insufficient and population-based prospectively followed cohorts should be established to allow the development of preventive strategies at national levels.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology   etiology   MeSH
• Protective Factors MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Systematic Review MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe, Eastern epidemiology   MeSH

Background. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is one of the most common endocrine conditions and is accompanied by hypertension and increased cardiovascular mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of parathyroidectomy on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients with PHPT and whether hypertension occurs more frequently in PHPT than in control group. Methods. A total of 1020 patients with proved PHPT who underwent surgery were compared with with 1020 age, sex, BMI, and smoking status matched controls. We evaluated changes in serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), uric acid, and BP before and 6 months after surgery. Results. Parathyroidectomy corrected PHPT and resulted in a substantial fall in both mean systolic (150 ± 3.8 to 138 ± 3.6 mmHg) and mean diastolic pressures (97 ± 3 to 88 ± 2.8 mmHg) of the hypertensive subjects; P < .01. In these patients, PTH, calcium, and uric acid normalized. 726 patients from 1020 with PHPT (69.8%) were found to be hypertensive whilst only 489 (47.8%) from 1020 of our control group. Conclusion. Parathyroidectomy in hypertensive patients reduces systolic and diastolic BP. PHPT is accompanied by a variety of metabolic complications, which are a risk factor for hypertension, and parathyroidectomy can improve these metabolic complications.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

We tested the hypothesis that the MLXIPL rs3812316 variant predicts plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. We compared three groups of adult individuals: 162 persons with TG > 10 mmol/L, 266 persons with TG < 0.65 mmol/L, and 2,043 population-based controls (range of TG concentrations 0.7-8.7 mmol/L). We found a small difference in the frequency of the Gln allele carriers between population controls (20.4%) and persons with low TG (26.3%, P = 0.033). We found no difference between individuals with high TG and population controls, and there was no association between the MLXIPL variant and plasma TG levels among the population controls.

• MeSH
• White People genetics   MeSH
• DNA genetics   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Gene Frequency MeSH
• Genetic Variation MeSH
• Genotype MeSH
• Hypertriglyceridemia blood   genetics   MeSH
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Base Sequence MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Case-Control Studies MeSH
• Amino Acid Substitution MeSH
• Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors genetics   MeSH
• Triglycerides blood   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH
• Names of Substances
• DNA MeSH
• MLXIPL protein, human MeSH Browser
• Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors MeSH
• Triglycerides MeSH