Intratracheal immunization of mice with inactivated influenza B virus and delipidated Bacillus firmus as adjuvant increases protection of mice against infection with the homologous virus strain and induces cross-protection: mice immunized by influenza virus B/Yamanashi 166/98 were protected even against phylogenetically distant virus drift variant B/Lee/40 lethal for mice.

• MeSH
• Adjuvants, Immunologic administration & dosage   MeSH
• Survival Analysis MeSH
• Administration, Inhalation MeSH
• Bacillus immunology   MeSH
• Immunization methods   MeSH
• Vaccines, Inactivated administration & dosage   immunology   MeSH
• Orthomyxoviridae Infections immunology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Mice, Inbred BALB C MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Influenza Vaccines administration & dosage   immunology   MeSH
• Influenza B virus immunology   MeSH
• Cross Protection MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Mice MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Adjuvants, Immunologic MeSH
• Vaccines, Inactivated MeSH
• Influenza Vaccines MeSH

Intranasal immunization of guinea pigs with inactivated type B influenza virus plus inactivated Bacillus firmus as an adjuvant compared to the virus alone yields higher titers of serum hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies and virus-neutralizing antibodies. This phenomenon could be useful in standard serology, especially in the preparation of immune sera against highly pathogenic strains for in vitro diagnosis.

• MeSH
• Adjuvants, Immunologic * MeSH
• Bacillus immunology   MeSH
• Guinea Pigs MeSH
• Antibodies, Viral analysis   MeSH
• Serologic Tests methods   MeSH
• Vaccination methods   MeSH
• Influenza Vaccines immunology   MeSH
• Influenza B virus immunology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Guinea Pigs MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Adjuvants, Immunologic * MeSH
• Antibodies, Viral MeSH
• Influenza Vaccines MeSH

The effect of nonpathogenic G+ bacterium B. firmus (BF) on stimulation of mouse peritoneal cells in vitro was evaluated by testing nitric-oxide-synthesis induction and cytokine formation. The reactivity was compared of peritoneal cells from two inbred mouse strains, C57B1/6 and BALB/c, which differ in their immunological reactivity. Peritoneal macrophages from C57B1/6 produced more nitric oxide after a 1-d cultivation with inactivated BF than those of BALB/c mice. In both strains, production can be further increased by adding exogenous IFN-gamma to the culture. There were no significant differences between peritoneal cells of these two mouse strains in cytokine production after optimal in vitro stimulation with BF. BF effectively activated peritoneal cells for the production of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-10, delipidated bacterium (DBF) being more efficient than BF in induction of IL-10 and TNF-alpha. On the other hand, BF had only small effect on IFN-gamma production and no detectable effect on IL-12 production. Macrophage activation by BF/DBF can represent one of the mechanisms responsible for previously described immunomodulatory activity of BF.

• MeSH
• Macrophage Activation * MeSH
• Bacillus immunology   MeSH
• Cell Culture Techniques methods   MeSH
• Cytokines immunology   metabolism   MeSH
• Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology   MeSH
• Mice, Inbred BALB C MeSH
• Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Organic Chemicals pharmacology   MeSH
• Nitric Oxide metabolism   MeSH
• Peritoneal Cavity cytology   MeSH
• Immunity, Innate MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Mice MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Cytokines MeSH
• Lipopolysaccharides MeSH
• Nocardia delipidated cell mitogen MeSH Browser
• Organic Chemicals MeSH
• Nitric Oxide MeSH