Nejvíce citovaný článek - PubMed ID 16161522
Smrt prochlazením u osob pitvaných na USL Hradec Králové v letech 1992-2003
[Death due to fatal hypothermia in victims dissected in Department of Forensic Medicine in Hradec Králové between 1992-2003]
The postmortem diagnosis of hypothermia remains problematic even in the era of molecular and digital diagnostic advances. Gross hemorrhages in iliopsoas muscles have been regarded as a helpful diagnostic sign in hypothermia fatalities; nevertheless, they have received marginal attention since their original description. The present study attempts to fill that void by examining occurrence, localization, and diagnostic significance of the bleeding into the core muscles as evidence of death due to hypothermia in a series comprising 51 consecutive hypothermia autopsy cases. Hemorrhages into the core muscles were identified in 33 cases of fatal hypothermia (65%). Hemorrhages were present in iliopsoas muscles (19 cases; 37%), deep back muscles (18 cases; 35%), and in other core muscular groups such as the diaphragm, cervical, pectoral, and intercostal muscles (11 cases; 22%). The results of the study offer an attractive diagnostic opportunity and reaffirm the potential of the careful core muscle dissection for the clarification of hypothermic deaths. Centers lacking high-end imaging technologies and molecular postmortem programs may especially benefit, which may have implications in broader autopsy practice.
- Klíčová slova
- Autopsy, Core muscle, Fatal hypothermia, Forensic pathology, Hemorrhage, Postmortem diagnosis,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- epitelové buňky metabolismus MeSH
- erytém patologie MeSH
- hypotermie patologie MeSH
- kosterní svaly patologie MeSH
- krvácení patologie MeSH
- ledvinové kanálky patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- soudní patologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- synoviální membrána patologie MeSH
- synoviální tekutina MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The phenomenon of eponymous terms in forensic pathology is described in this paper. The authors analyzed representative textbooks (monographs) dealing with forensic pathology in both English and German and identified several eponymous terms. The paper aims to present to the reader the most important eponymous terms in forensic pathology. Included in the paper are the following terms: Beckwith's Sign, Casper's Rule, Krönlein's Shot, Lichtenberg's Figures, Nysten's Law, Paltauf's Spots, Puppe's Rule, Sehrt's Sign, Simon's Sign, Sveshnikov's Sign, Tardieu's Spots, Wischnewski Spots, Wydler's Sign. The spread of eponymous terms throughout various languages is mentioned. The linguistic basis of such terms as well as their advantages and disadvantages in specialist fields, and indeed in even wider circles, is discussed. The authors state that the main function of these terms is to facilitate the open flow of unambiguous information among scholars. Eponymous terms in forensic pathology are characteristic for the German speaking countries and for all countries influenced by the German school of forensic pathology. Their usage in the Anglo-Saxon world is much less widespread, meaning they do not occur very often in English monographs and textbooks.
