BACKGROUND: The purpose of this prospective open-label trial was (1) to assess the influence of oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) on the glycemic index (GI), glucose response curves (GRCs), daily mean plasma glucose (MPG) and (2) to compare the GI of foods in persons with OAD-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the respective GI in healthy persons (HP). METHODS: Tested foods containing 50 g of carbohydrates were eaten for breakfast and dinner after 10 and 4 h of fasting, respectively. Glycemic index, GRC, and MPG were obtained using the CGMS System Gold (CGMS). In T2DM patients [n = 16; age (mean +/- standard error) 56.0 +/- 2.25 years], foods were tested four times: tests 1, 2, and 3 were performed within one week in which placebo was introduced on day 2, and test 4 was carried out five weeks after reintroduction of OAD. Glycemic indexes, GRC, and MPG from tests 1, 2, 3, and 4 were compared. In a control group of 20 HP (age 24.4 +/- 0.71 years), the mean GIs were calculated as the mean from 20 subject-related GIs. RESULTS: In T2DM patients, subject-related assessment of GIs, GRC, and MPG distinguished persons with and without OAD effect. Nevertheless, the group-related GIs and the MPG on days 2, 8, and 39 showed no significant difference. There was no significant difference between the GIs in OAD-treated T2DM patients (test 4) versus HP (except in apple baby food). Glucose response curves were significantly larger in T2DM patients (test 4) versus HP. CONCLUSIONS: Determination of GRC and subject-related GI using the CGMS appears to be a potential means for the evaluation of efficacy of OAD treatment. Further studies are underway.

• MeSH
• analýza potravin MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu krev   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dietní sacharidy analýza   MeSH
• glykemický index MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin MeSH
• hyperglykemie farmakoterapie   etiologie   MeSH
• hypoglykemika aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• krevní glukóza analýza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metformin aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• plocha pod křivkou MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• selfmonitoring glykemie * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dietní sacharidy MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin MeSH
• hypoglykemika MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• metformin MeSH

BACKGROUND: The glycemic index (GI) is routinely measured 120 minutes after food intake (GI120). The purpose of this prospective open label study was to assess (1) the dynamics of glycemia over the 210 minutes following food consumption and (2) the evolution of GIs based on 120-, 150-, 180-, and 210-minute glycemic profiles. METHOD: Twenty healthy subjects (mean +/- SE; 21.9 +/- 1.39 years of age; body mass index 23.6 +/- 0.63 kg/m(2); 7 men and 13 women) completed the study. Each subject consumed 10 different foods with known GI120 on three separate occasions at four different times of day according to a defined meal plan over a 9-day period; 32 meals were evaluated. The GIs for intervals of 120, 150, 180 and 210 minutes after food consumption were determined using a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to measure glycemia. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to compare the GIs. RESULTS: Glycemia returned to baseline within 120 minutes for honey and tomato soup; within 210 minutes for white bread, choco-rice cookies, fish and potatoes, wafers, and meat ravioli with cheese; and later for dark chocolate, apricot dumplings, and choco-wheat cookies. The extended GIs were higher than the respective GI120s in eight of the foods. CONCLUSIONS: The 120-minute glycemic index fails to fully account for changes in glycemia after ingestion of a mixed meal because glycemia remains above baseline for a longer period. The CGMS is a convenient method to determine the glucose response/GIs over intervals extended up to 210 minutes, which is adequate time for the absorption of most foods.

• MeSH
• čas MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• glykemický index fyziologie   MeSH
• krevní glukóza analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potraviny MeSH
• přijímání potravy fyziologie   MeSH
• software * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• krevní glukóza MeSH

BACKGROUND: The glycemic index (GI) is a measure of the ability of a food to raise glucose levels after it is eaten. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to give identical values of GI when compared to traditional methods. However, there has been no standardized protocol for measuring GI that takes into account interindividual variability and chronophysiological glycemic response to food. Our aim was (1) to create and describe software based on a Microsoft Excel 2000 spreadsheet to facilitate rapid, automated, accurate, and standardized processing of data obtained using recent CGM methodology to measure GI and its variability and (2) to assess the benefits of this new approach. METHOD: Twenty healthy subjects consumed 50 grams of glucose or four alternative foodstuffs (chocolate, apple baby food, rice squares, or yogurt) at breakfast and dinner during 1 week, resulting in 300 CGMS glucose profiles; 92% of meal tests were satisfactory for evaluation. Application and functions of the software DegifXL are described. RESULTS: Using the new spreadsheet software DegifXL, time required for data processing for the 15 data sets for each subject was reduced from 2000 to 160 minutes relative to previously used manual methods. We characterized the GI for four foodstuffs with three replicate measurements in each of 20 subjects and evaluated between person, between time period, and between replicate GI variabilities. CONCLUSION: DegifXL, combined with CGM, was an efficient and effective tool for routine measurement of group- and subject-related GI.

• Klíčová slova
• DegifXL software, continuous glucose monitoring, data processing, glycemic index, nutrition,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH