Type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients suffer from insulinopenia and hyperglycaemia. Studies have shown that if a patient's hyperglycaemic environment is not compensated, it leads to complex immune dysfunctions. Similarly, T1D mothers with poor glycaemic control exert a negative impact on the immune responses of their newborns. However, questions concerning the impact of other metabolic disturbances on the immune system of T1D mothers (and their newborns) have been raised. To address these questions, we examined 28 T1D women in reproductive age for the relationship between various metabolic, clinical, and immune parameters. Our study revealed several unexpected correlations which are indicative of a much more complex relationship between glucose and lipid factors (namely, glycosylated haemoglobin Hb1Ac, the presence of one but not multiple chronic diabetic complications, and atherogenic indexes) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha). Regulatory T cell counts correlated with HbA1c, diabetic neuropathy, lipid spectra parameters, and IL-6 levels. Total T-helper cell count was interconnected with BMI and glycaemia variability correlated with lipid spectra parameters, insulin dose, and vitamin D levels. These and other correlations revealed in this study provide broader insight into the association of various metabolic abnormalities with immune parameters that may impact T1D mothers or their developing child.

• MeSH
• Cytokines immunology   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications   drug therapy   immunology   metabolism   MeSH
• Diabetic Neuropathies etiology   immunology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism   MeSH
• Cholesterol, HDL metabolism   MeSH
• Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage   MeSH
• Interleukin-1alpha immunology   MeSH
• Interleukin-6 immunology   MeSH
• Insulin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Cholesterol, LDL metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Lymphocyte Count MeSH
• Glycation End Products, Advanced metabolism   MeSH
• T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology   MeSH
• T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer immunology   MeSH
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha immunology   MeSH
• Triglycerides metabolism   MeSH
• Vitamin D metabolism   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Cytokines MeSH
• Glycated Hemoglobin A MeSH
• Cholesterol, HDL MeSH
• hemoglobin A1c protein, human MeSH Browser
• Hypoglycemic Agents MeSH
• IL1A protein, human MeSH Browser
• IL6 protein, human MeSH Browser
• Interleukin-1alpha MeSH
• Interleukin-6 MeSH
• Insulin MeSH
• Cholesterol, LDL MeSH
• Glycation End Products, Advanced MeSH
• TNF protein, human MeSH Browser
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MeSH
• Triglycerides MeSH
• Vitamin D MeSH