Carboplatin, an analogue of "classical" cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) (cisplatin), is a widely used second-generation platinum anticancer drug. Cytotoxicity of cisplatin and carboplatin is mediated by platinum-DNA adducts. Markedly higher concentrations of carboplatin are required, and the rate of adduct formation is considerably slower. The reduced toxic effects in tumor cells and a more acceptable side-effect profile are attributable to the lower reactivity of carboplatin with nucleophiles, since the cyclobutanedicarboxylate ligand is a poorer leaving group than the chlorides in cisplatin. Recently, platinum complexes were shown to be particularly attractive as potential photochemotherapeutic anticancer agents. Selective photoactivation of platinum complexes by irradiation of cancer cells may avoid enhancement of toxic side-effects, but may increase toxicity selectively in cancer cells and extend the application of photoactivatable platinum complexes to resistant cells and to a wider range of cancer types. Therefore, it was of interest to examine whether carboplatin can be affected by irradiation with light to the extent that its DNA binding and cytotoxic properties are altered. We have found that carboplatin is converted to species capable of enhanced DNA binding by UVA irradiation and consequently its toxicity in cancer cells is markedly enhanced. Recent advances in laser and fiber-optic technologies make it possible to irradiate also internal organs with light of highly defined intensity and wavelength. Thus, carboplatin is a candidate for use in photoactivated cancer chemotherapy.

• MeSH
• DNA chemie   účinky léků   MeSH
• fotochemické procesy účinky záření   MeSH
• karboplatina chemie   farmakologie   účinky záření   toxicita   MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buňky kultivované MeSH
• plazmidy MeSH
• poškození DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemie   farmakologie   účinky záření   toxicita   MeSH
• screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
• skot MeSH
• ultrafialové záření MeSH
• vazebná místa účinky léků   MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA MeSH
• karboplatina MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH

The effects of major DNA intrastrand cross-links of antitumor dinuclear Pt(II) complexes [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))(2)}(2)-μ-{trans-(H(2)N(CH(2))(6)NH(2)(CH(2))(2)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2))}](4+) (1) and [{PtCl(DACH)}(2)-μ-{H(2)N(CH(2))(6)NH(2)(CH(2))(2)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2))}](4+) (2) (DACH is 1,2-diaminocyclohexane) on DNA stability were studied with emphasis on thermodynamic origins of that stability. Oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing the single 1,2, 1,3, or 1,5 intrastrand cross-links at guanine residues in the central TGGT, TGTGT, or TGTTTGT sequences, respectively, were prepared and analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. The unfolding of the platinated duplexes was accompanied by unfavorable free energy terms. The efficiency of the cross-links to thermodynamically destabilize the duplex depended on the number of base pairs separating the platinated bases. The trend was 1,5→1,2→1,3 cross-link of 1 and 1,5→1,3→1,2 cross-link of 2. Interestingly, the results showed that the capability of the cross-links to reduce the thermodynamic stability of DNA (ΔG(298)(0)) correlated with the extent of conformational distortions induced in DNA by various types of intrastrand cross-links of 1 or 2 determined by chemical probes of DNA conformation. We also examined the efficiency of the mammalian nucleotide excision repair systems to remove from DNA the intrastrand cross-links of 1 or 2. The efficiency of the excinucleases to remove the cross-links from DNA depended on the length of the cross-link; the trend was identical to that observed for the efficiency of the intrastrand cross-links to thermodynamically destabilize the duplex. Thus, the results are consistent with the thesis that an important factor that determines the susceptibility of the intrastrand cross-links of dinuclear platinum complexes 1 and 2 to be removed from DNA by nucleotide excision repair is the efficiency of these lesions to thermodynamically destabilize DNA.

• MeSH
• diferenciální skenovací kalorimetrie MeSH
• DNA chemie   MeSH
• interkalátory chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• konformace nukleové kyseliny účinky léků   MeSH
• oprava DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• organoplatinové sloučeniny chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• termodynamika MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA MeSH
• interkalátory MeSH
• organoplatinové sloučeniny MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH