In response to a recent case report published in the International Journal of Legal Medicine entitled "A case of hemorrhage at the junctions of the posterior intercostal arteries-a vital sign?", we wish to corroborate the findings of periadventitial hemorrhages at the junctions of the posterior intercostal arteries in cases of suicidal hanging and to reveal two other novel aortic lesions associated with hanging. In our ongoing prospective study, we identified six cases of aortic intimal ruptures among 257 suicidal hanging deaths, along with the novel observation of subintimal hemorrhages-both of which have not been previously documented in the forensic literature. Our findings suggest that the complex anatomy of the aorta and surrounding structures may increase the vulnerability of vascular structures during hanging, particularly under conditions of complete suspension. We propose that reported aortic lesions may serve as significant morphological indicators of hanging, thereby enriching its medicolegal investigation. To establish the diagnostic relevance of these findings, further prospective autopsy studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.

• Klíčová slova
• Aortic hemorrhages, Aortic lesions, Autopsy, Forensic pathology, Hanging, Vital sign,
• MeSH
• aorta * patologie   zranění   MeSH
• asfyxie * patologie   MeSH
• dokonaná sebevražda * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• krvácení * patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poranění krku * patologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• ruptura aorty * patologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• soudní patologie MeSH
• tunica intima patologie   zranění   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Despite the availability of modern imaging and molecular tools, traditional autopsy, and laboratory findings remain the gold standard for the diagnosis of drowning. This article presents two cases of freshwater drowning in which hemolytic staining of the endocardium of the left heart chambers was observed at autopsy. One case was a suicidal drowning of an 84-year-old man, and the other case was an accidental drowning of an 86-year-old woman. In both cases, there was marked hemolytic staining of the endocardium of the left atrium and ventricle. The endocardium of the right heart chambers was clear and transparent in appearance. Hemolytic intimal staining of the aortic root was observed in one case. Gettler's test was positive in both cases. Hemolytic discoloration of the endocardium of the left heart chambers after freshwater drowning is analogous to hemolytic staining of the aortic root. Both staining patterns result from the hypo-osmolar hemolysis that occurs in the left heart chambers and systemic circulation after hypotonic fluid passes across the alveolocapillary membrane. Hemolytic discoloration of the endocardium of the left heart chambers at autopsy may support a diagnosis of freshwater drowning.

• MeSH
• endokard patologie   MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• hemolýza * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pitva MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• příčina smrti MeSH
• sebevražda MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH
• soudní patologie metody   MeSH
• srdeční komory patologie   MeSH
• srdeční síně patologie   MeSH
• úrazy a nehody MeSH
• utonutí krev   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The phenomenon of eponymous terms in forensic pathology is described in this paper. The authors analyzed representative textbooks (monographs) dealing with forensic pathology in both English and German and identified several eponymous terms. The paper aims to present to the reader the most important eponymous terms in forensic pathology. Included in the paper are the following terms: Beckwith's Sign, Casper's Rule, Krönlein's Shot, Lichtenberg's Figures, Nysten's Law, Paltauf's Spots, Puppe's Rule, Sehrt's Sign, Simon's Sign, Sveshnikov's Sign, Tardieu's Spots, Wischnewski Spots, Wydler's Sign. The spread of eponymous terms throughout various languages is mentioned. The linguistic basis of such terms as well as their advantages and disadvantages in specialist fields, and indeed in even wider circles, is discussed. The authors state that the main function of these terms is to facilitate the open flow of unambiguous information among scholars. Eponymous terms in forensic pathology are characteristic for the German speaking countries and for all countries influenced by the German school of forensic pathology. Their usage in the Anglo-Saxon world is much less widespread, meaning they do not occur very often in English monographs and textbooks.

• MeSH
• eponyma * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• soudní patologie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Planned complex suicide is defined as the combination of more than one method of suicide, previously planned by the victim, to prevent failure of the first method. Herein, we present a case of planned complex suicide, committed by a black powder muzzle loading handgun and hanging. A 39-year-old man was found dead in the bathroom of his flat, hanging by the neck with a huge atypical gunshot entrance in the right temporal region of his head with extensive backspatter. The skin defects, as well as soft tissues in the subcutaneous pocket undermining, were heavily burnt. Along the wound canal were multiple bone fragments, and at the end of the path at the left temple was an embedded lead ogival projectile with a cross shaped artificial incision at its tip. The hanging was incomplete. There were no fractures of the hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages. Cervical muscles and vessels were intact. Simon's sign was negative. Signs of asphyxia were not present. This is the first reported case of complex suicide with a black powder derringer and manipulated projectile.

• MeSH
• asfyxie etiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penetrující poranění hlavy diagnóza   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• pitva MeSH
• popálení etiologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• příčina smrti MeSH
• sebevražda * MeSH
• soudní balistika metody   MeSH
• soudní patologie metody   MeSH
• střelné rány diagnóza   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH