Cronobacter spp. have been recognized as causative agents of various severe infections in pre-term or full-term infants as well as elderly adults suffering from serious underlying disease or malignancy. A surveillance study was designed to identify antibiotic resistance among clinical Cronobacter spp. strains, which were isolated from patients of two hospitals between May 2007 and August 2013. Altogether, 52 Cronobacter spp. isolates were analyzed. Although MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry recognized all Cronobacter sakazakii and Cronobacter malonaticus strains, it could not identify Cronobacter muytjensii strain. Nevertheless, all strains were identified as Cronobacter spp. using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Strains were tested against 17 types of antibiotics, using the standard microdilution method according to the 2018 European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria. Three Cronobacter species were identified as C. sakazakii (n = 33), C. malonaticus (n = 18), and C. muytjensii (n = 1); all isolates were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. All strains were PCR-negative for bla TEM, bla SHV, and bla CTX-M β-lactamase genes, as well. Even though the results of this study showed that Cronobacter spp. isolates were pan-susceptible, continued antibiotic resistance surveillance is warranted. Cronobacter spp. have been recognized as causative agents of various severe infections in pre-term or full-term infants as well as elderly adults suffering from serious underlying disease or malignancy. A surveillance study was designed to identify antibiotic resistance among clinical Cronobacter spp. strains, which were isolated from patients of two hospitals between May 2007 and August 2013. Altogether, 52 Cronobacter spp. isolates were analyzed. Although MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry recognized all Cronobacter sakazakii and Cronobacter malonaticus strains, it could not identify Cronobacter muytjensii strain. Nevertheless, all strains were identified as Cronobacter spp. using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Strains were tested against 17 types of antibiotics, using the standard microdilution method according to the 2018 European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria. Three Cronobacter species were identified as C. sakazakii (n = 33), C. malonaticus (n = 18), and C. muytjensii (n = 1); all isolates were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. All strains were PCR-negative for bla TEM, bla SHV, and bla CTX-M β-lactamase genes, as well. Even though the results of this study showed that Cronobacter spp. isolates were pan-susceptible, continued antibiotic resistance surveillance is warranted.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Cronobacter sakazakii classification   drug effects   genetics   MeSH
• Cronobacter classification   drug effects   MeSH
• Genotype MeSH
• Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MeSH
• Multilocus Sequence Typing MeSH
• Polymerase Chain Reaction MeSH
• Bacterial Typing Techniques MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Poland MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH

Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) are emerging, opportunistic pathogens that are linked with food-borne infections in neonates and infants. In the present study, 291 samples of food, 36 samples from a dairy farm and 140 samples of dust from vacuum cleaners were examined for the presence of Cronobacter spp. using chromogenic media and biochemical tests. Altogether, 72 Cronobacter spp. strains were isolated in accordance with the reference standard ČSN P ISO/TS 22964 (2006). No Cronobacter spp. strains were detected in 10 samples of infant milk formula or in samples from a dairy farm. Twelve out of 20 positive food samples were dry products. The incidence of Cronobacter spp. in instant and powdered products and spices (12 positive isolates out of 82 samples) was significantly higher than that in other foods (P = 0.002), but lower than that in samples of dust (52 isolates; P < 0.001). The incidence of Cronobacter spp. in dust from restaurants, bars and hotels (13 positive isolates in 20 samples) was significantly higher than that in dust from households (P = 0.010). The polymerase chain reaction assay for the species-specific detection of the rpoB gene was performed in 49 isolates. Thirty-four Cronobacter spp. isolates were identified as Cronobacter sakazakii, nine isolates as Cronobacter malonaticus and one isolate as Cronobacter turicensis.

• MeSH
• Alphaproteobacteria MeSH
• Cronobacter sakazakii MeSH
• Cronobacter isolation & purification   MeSH
• DNA, Bacterial genetics   MeSH
• DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases genetics   MeSH
• Epidemiological Monitoring MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Environmental Microbiology * MeSH
• Polymerase Chain Reaction MeSH
• Food Microbiology * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• DNA, Bacterial MeSH
• DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases MeSH
• RNA polymerase beta subunit MeSH Browser