Mineralization of hydrogel biomaterials with calcium phosphate (CaP) is considered advantageous for bone regeneration. Mineralization can be both induced by the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and promoted by calcium-binding biomolecules, such as plant-derived polyphenols. In this study, ALP-loaded gellan gum (GG) hydrogels were enriched with gallotannins, a subclass of polyphenols. Five preparations were compared, namely three tannic acids of differing molecular weight (MW), pentagalloyl glucose (PGG), and a gallotannin-rich extract from mango kernel (Mangifera indica L.). Certain gallotannin preparations promoted mineralization to a greater degree than others. The various gallotannin preparations bound differently to ALP and influenced the size of aggregates of ALP, which may be related to ability to promote mineralization. Human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells grew in eluate from mineralized hydrogels. Gallotannin incorporation impeded cell growth on hydrogels and did not impart antibacterial activity. In conclusion, gallotannin incorporation aided mineralization but reduced cytocompatibility.

• Keywords
• composite, enzyme, gellan gum, mineralization, polyphenol, protein-polyphenol interaction,
• MeSH
• Alkaline Phosphatase metabolism   MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Polysaccharides, Bacterial MeSH
• Biocompatible Materials MeSH
• Biomimetics methods   MeSH
• Calcium Phosphates MeSH
• Calcification, Physiologic drug effects   MeSH
• Hydrogels chemistry   MeSH
• Hydrolyzable Tannins metabolism   pharmacology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mangifera chemistry   MeSH
• Minerals chemistry   MeSH
• Osteoblasts metabolism   MeSH
• Polyphenols chemistry   MeSH
• Polysaccharides chemistry   MeSH
• Bone Regeneration MeSH
• Plant Extracts chemistry   MeSH
• Plants metabolism   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Alkaline Phosphatase MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Polysaccharides, Bacterial MeSH
• Biocompatible Materials MeSH
• calcium phosphate MeSH Browser
• Calcium Phosphates MeSH
• gellan gum MeSH Browser
• Hydrogels MeSH
• Hydrolyzable Tannins MeSH
• Mangifera indica extract MeSH Browser
• Minerals MeSH
• pentagalloylglucose MeSH Browser
• Polyphenols MeSH
• Polysaccharides MeSH
• Plant Extracts MeSH