Most cited article - PubMed ID 25279583
Chewing lice in Azorean Blackcaps ( Sylvia atricapilla ): a contribution to parasite island syndromes
Lice were collected from 579 hummingbirds, representing 49 species, in 19 locations in Brazil, Costa Rica, Honduras, Paraguay and Peru, at elevations 0–3000 m above sea level. The following variables were included in an ecological analysis (1) host species' mean body mass, sexual size dimorphism, sexual dichromatism, migratory behaviour and dominance behaviour; (2) mean elevation, mean and predictability of temperature, mean and predictability of precipitation of the host species' geographic area; (3) prevalence and mean abundance of species of lice as measures of infestation. Ordination methods were applied to evaluate data structure. Since the traits are expressed at different scales (nominal, interval and ratio), a principal component analysis based on d-correlations for the traits and a principal coordinates analysis based on the Gower index for species were applied. Lice or louse eggs were found on 80 (13.8%) birds of 22 species. A total of 267 lice of 4 genera, Trochiloecetes, Trochiliphagus, Myrsidea and Leremenopon, were collected, with a total mean intensity of 4.6. There were positive interactions between migration behaviour and infestation indices, with elevational migrants having a higher prevalence and abundance of lice than resident birds. Further, we found weak negative correlations between host body mass and infestation indices and positive correlations between mean elevation and prevalence and abundance of Trochiliphagus. Thus, formerly unknown differences in the ecological characteristics and infestation measures of Trochiliphagus and Trochiloecetes lice were revealed, which allows a better understanding of these associations and their potential impacts on hummingbirds.
- Keywords
- Abundance, Trochiliphagus, Trochiloecetes, d-correlation, elevation, migration, multivariate study, ordination, prevalence, sexual dimorphism,
- MeSH
- Insecta MeSH
- Phthiraptera * MeSH
- Birds MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Brazil epidemiology MeSH
- Costa Rica MeSH
A total of 266 wild passerine birds (Passeriformes) representing eight species and nine subspecies from three islands of the Archipelago of the Azores were examined for ectoparasites. Two species of louse-flies Ornithomya avicularia and Ornithoica turdi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), three species of fleas Ceratophyllus gallinae, Ceratophyllus sp. and Dasypsyllus gallinulae (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae), and 11 species of chewing lice belonging to the genera Menacanthus, Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), Ricinus (Phthiraptera: Ricinidae), Brueelia, Guimaraesiella, Philopterus, Sturnidoecus and Turdinirmus (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) were recorded. At least one species of ectoparasite was found on 114 birds of six species. Guimaraesiella tovornikae and Myrsidea sylviae from Sylvia atricapilla are redescribed. Records of Ceratophyllus sp. and Sturnidoecus sp. from Turdus merula represent new parasite-host associations. Phoresy of Guimaraesiella amsel on Ornithoica turdi was also found. Parasitological parameters such as prevalence, intensity and abundance and geographic distribution of recorded ectoparasites are provided.
TITLE: Insectes ectoparasites de passereaux sauvages aux Açores. ABSTRACT: Un total de 266 passereaux sauvages (Passeriformes) de trois îles de l’archipel des Açores, représentant huit espèces et neuf sous-espèces, ont été examinés pour la recherche d’ectoparasites. Deux espèces de mouches-araignées, Ornithomya avicularia et Ornithoica turdi (Diptera : Hippoboscidae), trois espèces de puces, Ceratophyllus gallinae, Ceratophyllus sp. et Dasypsyllus gallinulae (Siphonaptera : Ceratophyllidae), et onze espèces de mallophages appartenant aux genres Menacanthus, Myrsidea (Phthiraptera : Menoponidae), Ricinus (Phthiraptera : Ricinidae), Brueelia, Guimaraesiella, Philopterus, Sturnidoecus et Turdinirmus (Phthiraptera : Philopteridae) sont signalées. Au moins une espèce d’ectoparasite a été trouvée sur 114 oiseaux de six espèces. Guimaraesiella tovornikae et Myrsidea sylviae, de Sylvia atricapilla, sont redécrits. Les signalements de Ceratophyllus sp. et Sturnidoecus sp. chez Turdus merula représentent de nouvelles associations parasites-hôtes. La phorésie de Guimaraesiella amsel sur Ornithoica turdi a également été trouvée. Les paramètres parasitologiques des ectoparasites signalés, tels que la prévalence, l'intensité, l'abondance et la répartition géographique, sont fournis.
- Keywords
- Chewing lice, Hippoboscidae, Passeriformes, Phthiraptera, Siphonaptera, flea, louse-fly, phoresy,
- MeSH
- Diptera physiology MeSH
- Insecta * physiology MeSH
- Ectoparasitic Infestations * parasitology MeSH
- Bird Diseases * epidemiology parasitology MeSH
- Passeriformes * parasitology MeSH
- Phthiraptera physiology MeSH
- Siphonaptera physiology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Azores MeSH
Ten passerine species were examined on three islands of the Azores (North Atlantic) during 2013 and 2014 in order to identify their feather mite assemblages. We recorded 19 feather mite species belonging to four families of the superfamily Analgoidea (Analgidae, Proctophyllodidae, Psoroptoididae and Trouessartiidae). A high prevalence of feather mite species was recorded on the majority of the examined host species. Only three passerine species (Sylvia atricapilla, Regulus regulus and Serinus canaria) presented the same full complex of mite species as commonly occurs in the plumage of their closest relatives in continental Europe. Passer domesticus presented the same limited fauna of feather mites living in the plumage as do its co-specifics in continental Europe. Carduelis carduelis bears the same feather mite species as do most of its continental populations in Europe, but it lacks one mite species occurring on this host in Egypt. Turdus merula, Pyrrhula murina and Fringilla coelebs are missing several mite species common to their continental relatives. This diminution could be explained by the founder effect, whereby a limited number of colonizing individuals did not transport the full set of feather mite species, or by the extinction of some mite species after initially having reached the Azores. The only individual of Motacilla cinerea sampled in this study presented a new host record for the mite species Trouessartia jedliczkai.
Dix espèces de passereaux ont été examinées sur trois îles des Açores (Atlantique Nord) en 2013 et 2014 afin d’identifier leurs assemblages d’acariens plumicoles. Nous avons trouvé 19 espèces d’acariens plumicoles appartenant à quatre familles de la superfamille Analgoidea (Analgidae, Proctophyllodidae, Psoroptoididae et Trouessartiidae). Une prévalence élevée d’espèces d’acariens plumicoles a été trouvée sur la majorité des espèces hôtes examinés. Seules trois espèces de passereaux (Sylvia atricapilla, Regulus regulus et Serinus canaria) présentaient le même complexe complet d’espèces d’acariens qui existe généralement en Europe continentale dans le plumage de leurs parents les plus proches. Passer domesticus présentait la même faune limitée d’acariens plumicoles vivant dans le plumage que ses conspécifiques en Europe continentale. Carduelis carduelis hébergeait les mêmes espèces d’acariens plumicoles que la plupart de ses populations continentales en Europe, mais n’avait pas une espèce d’acarien qui vit sur cet hôte en Égypte. Turdus merula, Pyrrhula murina et Fringilla coelebs n’hébergeaient pas plusieurs espèces d’acariens communes à leurs parents continentaux. Cette diminution pourrait s’expliquer par l’effet fondateur, dans lequel un nombre restreint d’individus colonisateurs ne transportent pas l’ensemble des espèces de leurs acariens plumicoles, ou par l’extinction de certaines espèces d’acariens après avoir atteint les Açores. Le seul individu de Motacilla cinerea échantillonné dans cette étude a présenté une nouvelle mention d’hôte pour l’espèce d’acarien Trouessartia jedliczkai.
- MeSH
- Species Specificity MeSH
- Mite Infestations epidemiology parasitology veterinary MeSH
- Bird Diseases epidemiology parasitology MeSH
- Passeriformes parasitology MeSH
- Feathers parasitology MeSH
- Prevalence MeSH
- Mites classification MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- Azores epidemiology MeSH
- Europe MeSH