The aim of this study was to test the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on beta-cell function in overweight adults with no history of diabetes. Participants (n = 75) were randomized to follow a low-fat plant-based diet (n = 38) or to make no diet changes (n = 37) for 16 weeks. At baseline and 16 weeks, beta-cell function was quantified with a mathematical model. Using a standard meal test, insulin secretory rate was calculated by C-peptide deconvolution. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) index was used to assess insulin resistance while fasting. A marked increase in meal-stimulated insulin secretion was observed in the intervention group compared with controls (interaction between group and time, Gxt, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR index fell significantly (p < 0.001) in the intervention group (treatment effect -1.0 (95% CI, -1.2 to -0.8); Gxt, p = 0.004). Changes in HOMA-IR correlated positively with changes in body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat volume (r = 0.34; p = 0.009 and r = 0.42; p = 0.001, respectively). The latter remained significant after adjustment for changes in BMI (r = 0.41; p = 0.002). Changes in glucose-induced insulin secretion correlated negatively with BMI changes (r = -0.25; p = 0.04), but not with changes in visceral fat. Beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity were significantly improved through a low-fat plant-based diet in overweight adults.

• Klíčová slova
• beta-cell function, diabetes, diet, nutrition, vegan,
• MeSH
• absorpční fotometrie MeSH
• adipozita MeSH
• beta-buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• dieta s omezením tuků * MeSH
• dieta veganská * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• energetický příjem MeSH
• hmotnostní úbytek MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• inzulin krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nadváha krev   diagnostické zobrazování   dietoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• nitrobřišní tuk diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• obezita krev   diagnostické zobrazování   dietoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• postprandiální období MeSH
• redukční dieta * MeSH
• sekrece inzulinu MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• District of Columbia MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inzulin MeSH