BACKGROUND: Platina and taxanes are frequently used chemotherapeutic agents to treat cancer, also when diagnosed during pregnancy. This report presents an interim analysis of the largest series of children prenatally exposed to platinum and/or taxane agents and aims to determine their physical health and neurocognitive outcomes. METHODS: As part of a multicentre, prospective cohort study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00330447), children born between 2000 and 2022 were assessed between 2005 and 2024 at ages 1.5-18 years (interim analysis; median length of follow-up, 3.2 years (IQR 3.0-6.4)) by a comprehensive neurocognitive test battery, parent-reported questionnaires, and a physical assessment. Mixed-effects regression and Type III Analysis of Variance models were used to investigate associations between these outcomes and platinum/taxane cumulative dose and agent type, with best-fit models corrected for age and covariates (gestational age at birth, chemotherapy timing, other chemotherapy, sex, parental education level, maternal death). FINDINGS: In total, 144 children were included (13% exposed to platinum, 62% to taxanes, 25% to both). Of these, 101 were assessed at age 1.5 years, 96 at age 3, 63 at age 6, 32 at age 9, 18 at age 12, 7 at age 15, and 2 at age 18 years. Neurocognitive outcomes were within normal ranges across all ages, compared with test-specific normative data. Eight children (6%) reported ototoxicity, seven (5%) reported chronic medical conditions, three (2%) had congenital malformations, and two (1%) were diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Thirty-three children (23%) needed extra neurocognitive support, of which 64% were born preterm. Children prenatally exposed to paclitaxel scored lower on visuospatial (β = 0.64 ± 0.21, p = 0.0052) and verbal memory (β = 0.68 ± 0.27, p = 0.015) than those exposed to docetaxel. INTERPRETATION: In this interim analysis, we found normal neurocognitive outcomes and no increase in congenital malformations nor medical conditions after prenatal exposure to platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy. However, owed to the limited number of older children, further investigation regarding their potential neurotoxicity and its long term effects is necessary in follow-up studies with larger samples. FUNDING: Kom Op Tegen Kanker, KWF Kankerbestrijding, Stichting Tegen Kanker, Cooperatio program, Research Foundation Flanders.

• Klíčová slova
• Cancer during pregnancy, Child development, Platinum-based chemotherapy, Prenatal chemotherapy exposure, Taxane-based chemotherapy,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy during pregnancy can increase the risk of fetal anemia. Severe fetal anemia can lead to the development of hydrops fetalis and potentially fetal demise. Hence, it is imperative to implement consistent monitoring methods in the context of chemotherapy treatment. This study aimed to diagnose and monitor fetal anemia using middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) as a diagnostic tool during chemotherapy in pregnant women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study employed a prospective analysis involving a case series of 15 patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy and subsequently underwent chemotherapy. MCA-PSV was used to identify fetal anemia. The patients were scheduled for ultrasound examinations of the MCA-PSV. The first examination was performed on the same day as the administration of chemotherapy, while the second occurred on the 10th day after chemotherapy. The measurement technique used in the study was based on the methodology proposed by Mari and Barr. The multiples of the median were calculated using the calculators provided by Medicina Fetal Barcelona. Based on these values anemia severity was determined. When moderate or severe anemia was identified, chemotherapy was individually modified. Additionally, a blood count analysis was conducted immediately after the delivery of the newborn. RESULTS: Five patients were diagnosed with fetal or newborn anemia. With MCA-PSV, we identified moderate fetal anemia in two patients and severe fetal anemia in one. The complete blood count testing of newborns revealed mild anemia in three patients. One case was unrelated to chemotherapy-induced anemia. During treatment, fetal anemia did not corelate with maternal anemia. CONCLUSIONS: In four cases of anemia the combination of cisplatin and iphosphamide was used as a chemotherapy agent. No anemia was observed in other drug combinations. Our findings suggest that MCA-PSV is a reliable method for identifying anemia and should be included in the treatment protocol for chemotherapy-induced fetal anemia.

• Klíčová slova
• chemotherapy, fetal anemia, middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity, pregnancy,
• MeSH
• anemie * chemicky indukované   diagnóza   MeSH
• antitumorózní látky * MeSH
• arteria cerebri media diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci plodu * chemicky indukované   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• rychlost toku krve MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ultrasonografie prenatální MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antitumorózní látky * MeSH