Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by a spectrum of reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic disturbances. The etiology of PCOS encompasses a complex interplay of genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative factors, though the precise pathological mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Despite considerable variability in the clinical characteristics and biochemical profiles among individuals with PCOS, abnormalities in follicular development are a hallmark of the condition. Granulosa cells, integral to follicular development, play a pivotal role in follicle maturation. Recent studies have established a strong correlation between granulosa cell programmed cell death and follicular atresia in PCOS. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current understanding of granulosa cell programmed cell death and its contribution to follicular atresia within the pathophysiology of PCOS, providing a foundation for future research endeavors. Key words Follicular atresia, Hyperandrogenism, Insulin resistance, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Programmed cell death of granulosa cells.

• MeSH
• apoptóza * fyziologie   MeSH
• folikulární atrézie * fyziologie   MeSH
• folikulární buňky * patologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• syndrom polycystických ovarií * patologie   metabolismus   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The oviduct provides an optimal environment for the final preparation, transport, and survival of gametes, the fertilization process, and early embryonic development. Most of the studies on reproduction are based on in vitro cell culture models because of the cell's accessibility. It creates opportunities to explore the complexity of directly linked processes between cells. Previous studies showed a significant expression of genes responsible for cell differentiation, maturation, and development during long-term porcine oviduct epithelial cells (POECs) in vitro culture. This study aimed at establishing the transcriptomic profile and comprehensive characteristics of porcine oviduct epithelial cell in vitro cultures, to compare changes in gene expression over time and deliver information about the expression pattern of genes highlighted in specific GO groups. The oviduct cells were collected after 7, 15, and 30 days of in vitro cultivation. The transcriptomic profile of gene expression was compared to the control group (cells collected after the first day). The expression of COL1A2 and LOX was enhanced, while FGFBP1, SERPINB2, and OVGP1 were downregulated at all selected intervals of cell culture in comparison to the 24-h control (p-value < 0.05). Adding new detailed information to the reproductive biology field about the diversified transcriptome profile in POECs may create new future possibilities in infertility treatments, including assisted reproductive technique (ART) programmes, and may be a valuable tool to investigate the potential role of oviduct cells in post-ovulation events.

• Klíčová slova
• RNA processing, cell adhesion, cell migration, intercellular communication, reproductive biology,
• MeSH
• buněčné kultury metody   MeSH
• epitelové buňky * metabolismus   cytologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• regulace genové exprese MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• transkriptom * MeSH
• vejcovody u zvířat metabolismus   cytologie   MeSH
• vejcovody metabolismus   cytologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH