Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine immunogens capable of inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) remain obscure. HIV-1 evades immune responses through enormous diversity and hides its conserved vulnerable epitopes on the envelope glycoprotein (Env) by displaying an extensive immunodominant glycan shield. In elite HIV-1 viremic controllers, glycan-dependent bNAbs targeting conserved Env epitopes have been isolated and are utilized as vaccine design templates. However, immunological tolerance mechanisms limit the development of these antibodies in the general population. The well characterized bNAbs monoclonal variants frequently exhibit extensive levels of somatic hypermutation, a long third heavy chain complementary determining region, or a short third light chain complementarity determining region, and some exhibit poly-reactivity to autoantigens. This review elaborates on the obstacles to engaging and manipulating the Env glycoprotein as an effective immunogen and describes an alternative reverse vaccinology approach to develop a novel category of bNAb-epitope-derived non-cognate immunogens for HIV-1 vaccine design.

• Klíčová slova
• Broadly neutralizing antibodies, Combinatorial protein library, Glycans, HIV-1 vaccine, Non-cognate ligands, Protein mimicry,
• MeSH
• epitopy imunologie   MeSH
• genové produkty env - virus lidské imunodeficience imunologie   MeSH
• HIV infekce imunologie   MeSH
• HIV protilátky * imunologie   MeSH
• HIV-1 * imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• molekulární mimikry imunologie   MeSH
• neutralizující protilátky * imunologie   MeSH
• polysacharidy imunologie   MeSH
• vakcíny proti AIDS * imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• epitopy MeSH
• genové produkty env - virus lidské imunodeficience MeSH
• HIV protilátky * MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• neutralizující protilátky * MeSH
• polysacharidy MeSH
• vakcíny proti AIDS * MeSH