Genetic variations in urate transporters play a significant role in determining human urate levels and have been implicated in developing hyperuricemia or gout. Polymorphism in the key urate transporters, such as ABCG2, URAT1, or GLUT9 was well-documented in the literature. Therefore in this study, our objective was to determine the frequency and effect of rare nonsynonymous allelic variants of SLC22A11, SLC22A13, and SLC17A1 on urate transport. In a cohort of 150 Czech patients with primary hyperuricemia and gout, we examined all coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of SLC22A11, SLC22A13, and SLC17A1 using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. For comparison, we used a control group consisting of 115 normouricemic subjects. To examine the effects of the rare allelic nonsynonymous variants on the expression, intracellular processing, and urate transporter protein function, we performed a functional characterization using the HEK293A cell line, immunoblotting, fluorescent microscopy, and site directed mutagenesis for preparing variants in vitro. Variants p.V202M (rs201209258), p.R343L (rs75933978), and p.P519L (rs144573306) were identified in the SLC22A11 gene (OAT4 transporter); variants p.R16H (rs72542450), and p.R102H (rs113229654) in the SLC22A13 gene (OAT10 transporter); and the p.W75C variant in the SLC17A1 gene (NPT1 transporter). All variants minimally affected protein levels and cytoplasmic/plasma membrane localization. The functional in vitro assay revealed that contrary to the native proteins, variants p.P519L in OAT4 (p ≤ 0.05), p.R16H in OAT10 (p ≤ 0.05), and p.W75C in the NPT1 transporter (p ≤ 0.01) significantly limited urate transport activity. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of (1) the risk of urate transporter-related hyperuricemia/gout and (2) uric acid handling in the kidneys.

• MeSH
• Gout * genetics   MeSH
• Hyperuricemia * genetics   MeSH
• Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type I * genetics   MeSH
• Uric Acid metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent * genetics   MeSH
• Organic Anion Transporters * genetics   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type I * MeSH
• Uric Acid MeSH
• Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent * MeSH
• Organic Anion Transporters * MeSH
• SLC17A1 protein, human MeSH Browser
• SLC22A11 protein, human MeSH Browser
• SLC22A13 protein, human MeSH Browser
• urate transporter MeSH Browser