The ability of the rumen ciliates to utilize β-glucans other than cellulose and xylan is currently being recognized. The objective of the present study was to characterize the ability of the ciliate Diploplastron affine to digest some pachyman, laminarin, pustulan, curdlan and lichean. The protozoa were isolated from the rumen of sheep and either grown in vitro or inoculated into the rumen of ciliate-free sheep and maintained in natural conditions. In vitro culture studies showed that the enrichment of culture medium with the examined saccharides results in an increase in the number of ciliates in comparison to the control cultures. The increase was over 36 and 15 % when the growth medium was supplemented with pachyman (1,3-β-glucan) and pustulan (1,6-β-glucan), respectively. A positive correlation was also found between the population density of ciliates and the dose of saccharide supplemented to the growth medium. Enzyme studies were performed using the crude enzyme preparation obtained from ciliates treated with antibiotics. The ability of ciliates to digest the examined β-glucans was tested by the quantification of reducing sugars released from the mentioned substrates during the incubation with crude enzyme preparation. The results showed that D. affine ciliates were able to digest both of them. The mean degradation rate varied between 6.7 and 28.2 μmol/L glucose per mg protein per h for pustulan and lichean, respectively, whereas the digestion velocity was the highest at 5.0-5.5 pH and 45-50°C.

• MeSH
• bachor metabolismus   parazitologie   MeSH
• beta-glukany metabolismus   MeSH
• Ciliophora enzymologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• ovce MeSH
• protozoální proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• beta-glukany MeSH
• protozoální proteiny MeSH

Differentiation of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the site of the future bud was followed. A lentil-like structure originates on the inner side of the cell wall during the first phase. At the same time, an electron-dense layer occurs at the boundary between the inner layer of the cell wall and the lentil-like structure. During the second phase granular material is accumulated at the lower side of the lentil-like structure. During the third phase the lentil-like structure is split apart due to proliferation of the granular material resulting in formation of the base of the encircling region. The marked electron-dense layer observed from the first phase is attached to the surface of the encircling region during differentiation of the latter. During the budding proper the outer layers of the cell wall protrude and the end of the encircling region, together with the adjacent electron-dense layer, acquire their definitive appearance of rings, observed as marked electron-transparent and electron-dense tears on ultrathin sections.

• MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• buněčná stěna účinky léků   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• buněčné dělení MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chitin * MeSH
• hydrolýza MeSH
• kyselina chlorovodíková farmakologie   MeSH
• polysacharidy * MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae růst a vývoj   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chitin * MeSH
• kyselina chlorovodíková MeSH
• polysacharidy * MeSH