Phytohormonal activity (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins) was tested in the supernatant of a culture of Arthrobacter sp. Crude extract of the phytohormonal fraction was used as substrate for the growth of Lactuca sativa seedlings. Treating with bacterial hormones resulted in an increased plant develop- ment. Furthermore, a sharp increase of the acid phosphatase activity was observed in the roots.

• MeSH
• Arthrobacter metabolismus   MeSH
• gibereliny farmakologie   MeSH
• isopentenyladenosin farmakologie   MeSH
• kyselá fosfatasa metabolismus   MeSH
• kyseliny indoloctové farmakologie   MeSH
• regulátory růstu rostlin biosyntéza   farmakologie   MeSH
• rostliny účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• vývoj rostlin MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• gibberellic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• gibereliny MeSH
• isopentenyladenosin MeSH
• kyselá fosfatasa MeSH
• kyseliny indoloctové MeSH
• regulátory růstu rostlin MeSH

After inoculation of wheat seeds with various bacterial strains germination of plants was usually inhibited at first but growth was stimulated later. After inoculation with Pseudomonas putida K 11 producing physiologically active compounds the total number of bacteria increased together with the bacteria: fungi ratio in the rhizosphere. These characteristic were further increased after foliar application of urea due to increased root exudation. Dry mass of upper wheat parts was about 14--80% higher in green-house experiments, in which the plants were treated in the two above ways. More reliable results were usually obtained by bacterization of P. putida and foliar application of urea as compared with the situation when the seeds were inoculated without the foliar application or, on the contrary, after foliar application without inoculation of the seeds. Only when urea was applied early and ain a soil contaminated with the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (causing "take-all" of the wheat) no favourable results could be detected. In these cases the foliar application without inoculation of the seeds was more successful. Symptoms of the disease of wheat roots caused by G. graminis were less frequently observed after the inoculation of the seeds with the strain P. putida K 11 and after the foliar application of urea.

• MeSH
• ekologie MeSH
• močovina farmakologie   MeSH
• pšenice růst a vývoj   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Pseudomonas fyziologie   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
• semena rostlinná mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• močovina MeSH

Fluorescent pseudomonads were present in chernozem soil not influenced by plant roots (10(3)-10(4) per g dry soil) in the rhizosphere soil of various plants (10(4)-10(5) per g soil) and on roots (10(3) to 10(7) per g fresh roots), depending on the species and age of the plant. Relative species representation of fluorescent pseudomonads changed on the roots and in the plant rhizosphere as compared with free soil. Pseudomonas fluorescens, representing 60-93% of the population of fluorescent pseudomonads predominated on the roots of all plants investigated. Somewhat different results were obtained in rhizosphere soil. Relatively higher numbers of P. fluorescens were detected in the rhizosphere soil of cucumber and maize, numbers in the rhizosphere soil of wheat were practically the same as in free soil and higher numbers of P. putida were found in the rhizosphere soil of barley. Almost all components contained in the root exudates of the plants studied, including beta-pyrazolylalanine from the root exudates of cucumbers were utilized as carbon and energy sources. Root exudates of wheat and maize were utilized by the strain P. putida K2 with an efficiency of 73-91%, depending on species and age of the plant.

• MeSH
• ječmen (rod) mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kukuřice setá mikrobiologie   MeSH
• pšenice mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Pseudomonas fluorescens růst a vývoj   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
• rostliny mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zelenina MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The population of microorganisms in wheat rhizosphere changed in the presence of the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici causing the take-all of wheat. In the majority of cases when the soil was artificially contaminated by the fungus, both the number of bacteria in the rhizosphere and the bacteria/fungi ratio temporarily increased. At the beginning bacteria growing in the presence of NH4+ predominated, later bacteria utilizing organic N-substances prevailed. Pseudomonas fluorescens and the related species colonized the rhizosphere and the soil to a greater extent in the presence of G. graminis. The wheat rhizosphere with G. graminis was found to contain a higher level of the slime-producing bacterium Agrobacterium spp.; this microorganism occurred on hyphal surfaces (in hyphosphere) of both G. graminis growing in soil and Mucor spp. Changes in microbial populations in the wheat rhizosphere during the first stage of colonization by G. graminis can be partly explained by a simultaneous rhizosphere colonization by microorganisms which accompany this fungus in soil. In the period of increase in the number of bacteria in rhizosphere a temporary stimulation of wheat growth was observed.

• MeSH
• Actinomycetales izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Ascomycota * MeSH
• Bacteria izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• houby izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Mucor izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• nemoci rostlin * MeSH
• pšenice * MeSH
• Pseudomonas fluorescens izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
• Xylariales * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• alanin biosyntéza   farmakologie   MeSH
• Basidiomycota růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• lysin biosyntéza   farmakologie   MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• thiamin farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alanin MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• lysin MeSH
• thiamin MeSH