Nejvíce citovaný článek - PubMed ID 51812
Effects of antibiotics on the life cycle of Neurospora crassa
Brefeldin A has been recently characterized to act as an inhibitor of intracellular protein export with profound effects on the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus in animal cells. Manifold activities of the antibiotic (under different names) published in the 1960's and 1970's are reviewed: effects on fungal growth and morphogenesis, inhibition of mitosis in plant cells, cytotoxicity, cancerostatic, antiviral and antinematodal activity and peculiar effects on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in microbial and animal cells.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- antinematodní látky farmakologie MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie MeSH
- brefeldin A MeSH
- cyklopentany farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protinádorová antibiotika farmakologie MeSH
- rostliny účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- antinematodní látky MeSH
- antivirové látky MeSH
- brefeldin A MeSH
- cyklopentany MeSH
- protinádorová antibiotika MeSH
Numerous antibodies with a known mechanism of action are utilized as possible means for studying morphogenesis and differentiation. Inhibitors of biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, compounds intervening with the synthesis and/or function of cell walls and membranes or compounds influencing the energy metabolism are particularly useful. The use of antibiotics for studies of the life cycle of viruses, bacteria, fungi, myxomycetes, protozoa and algae is analyzed in the present communication. Certain aspects of morphogenesis and functions of mitochondria and plastids were clarified with the aid of antibiotics. Relationships between production of antibiotics and differentiation of their producers are discussed in the final part of the paper.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky biosyntéza farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria růst a vývoj MeSH
- chloroplasty fyziologie MeSH
- Eukaryota růst a vývoj MeSH
- houby růst a vývoj MeSH
- mitochondrie fyziologie MeSH
- morfogeneze MeSH
- organoidy fyziologie MeSH
- spory hub fyziologie MeSH
- viry růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
The mycelium of Trichoderma viride grown in the dark under submerged conditions and transferred to membrane filters sporulated only after photoinduction. The optimum photoinduction of sporulation was reached when applying daylight for 3 min and near ultraviolet radiation (355 nm) for 10 to 30 sec. After the photoinduction probounced synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein was observed. The photoinduced sporulation was partially or fully inhibited in the presence of phenethyl alcohol, actinomycin D, 5-fluorouracil, cycloheximide and ethidium bromide. The same inhibitors blocked also the photoinduced sporulation of surface growing colonies of Trichoderma viride. Various inhibitiors of synthesis of nucleic acids and protein, inhibitors impairing the function of membranes and certain other compounds were also effective.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- cykloheximid farmakologie MeSH
- daktinomycin farmakologie MeSH
- DNA biosyntéza MeSH
- ethidium farmakologie MeSH
- fenethylalkohol farmakologie MeSH
- fluoruracil farmakologie MeSH
- fungální proteiny biosyntéza MeSH
- mitosporické houby růst a vývoj MeSH
- RNA biosyntéza MeSH
- spory hub účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- světlo * MeSH
- Trichoderma účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- cykloheximid MeSH
- daktinomycin MeSH
- DNA MeSH
- ethidium MeSH
- fenethylalkohol MeSH
- fluoruracil MeSH
- fungální proteiny MeSH
- RNA MeSH
The effect of antibiotics and metabolic inhibitors on mycelial growth of Botrytis cinera was followed. Inhibitors of protein synthesis, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline inhibit growth or sporulation of Botrytis cinera. Ethidium bromide, 5-fluorouracil, phenylethylalcohol and K 20 cause granulation, vacuolization and undulation of hyphase. 2,4-Dinitrophenol, boromycin, macrotetrolides, monensin, scopathricin and TX2 at subfungistatic concentrations induce intensive branching of hyphal tips i.e. at the site of synthesis of the cell wall. In older hyphase grown in the absence of the antibiotics the branching begins after their addition, particularly in the septum region. When comparing the results referred to here with those obtained previously and on the basis of literature data it may be assumed that the changes in polarity of growth of Botrytis cinerea might be caused primarily or secondarily by impairing membrane functions and formation of cell walls.
Colonial growth of Neurospora sitophila phenotypically induced by ramihyphin A is accompanied by marked changes in the contents of DNA, RNA and proteins in the mycelium, and in the relative proportion of hexoses in cell wall hydrolysates. The glucosamine/glucose ratio is also characteristic for colonial growth. X-ray analysis of cell walls showed that ramilhyphin A suppresses the crystalline arrangement of chitin in cell walls. A combination of microbiological, biochemical and physico-chemical methods yielded a general picture of the changes accompanying the colonial growth of Neurospora sitophila.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- buněčná stěna metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- chitin biosyntéza MeSH
- DNA biosyntéza MeSH
- fungální proteiny biosyntéza MeSH
- hexosaminy biosyntéza MeSH
- hexosy biosyntéza MeSH
- krystalografie MeSH
- Neurospora růst a vývoj metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- RNA biosyntéza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- chitin MeSH
- DNA MeSH
- fungální proteiny MeSH
- hexosaminy MeSH
- hexosy MeSH
- RNA MeSH
