This review summarizes the main results obtained in the fields of general and molecular microbiology and microbial genetics at the Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (AS CR) [formerly Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (CAS)] over more than 50 years. Contribution of the founder of the Institute, academician Ivan Málek, to the introduction of these topics into the scientific program of the Institute of Microbiology and to further development of these studies is also included.

• MeSH
• Academies and Institutes history   MeSH
• History, 20th Century MeSH
• Genetics, Microbial history   MeSH
• Molecular Biology history   MeSH
• Check Tag
• History, 20th Century MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Historical Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Intracellular location of plasmid NRI (M = 58 Mg/mol, stringent control of replication 1-2 copies per Escherichia coli chromosomal equivalent) was compared with that of plasmid R6D delta 1 (M = 21 Mg/mol, relaxed control of replication, 10-15 copies per E. coli chromosomal equivalent), both in E. coli minicells. Considerable difference in relative distribution of molecules of these two plasmid DNA's between the cytoplasm and the membrane fraction was found when components of the corresponding minicell lysates were fractionated by sedimentation in a double-linear gradient of caesium chloride and sucrose. Also the differences in relative numbers of NRI DNA and R6K delta 1 DNA molecules stably associated with the membrane of minicells, determined by electron-microscopic examination of the fractions containing plasmid DNA-membrane complexes, was evaluated as statistically significant. The association of NRI DNA molecules with E. coli minicell membrane was found to be a much more frequent event than such association of R6K delta 1 molecules. The absolute amount of plasmid DNA associated with membrane in a single minicell corresponds to one molecule for both NRI and R6K delta 1.

• MeSH
• Cell Membrane analysis   MeSH
• Centrifugation, Density Gradient MeSH
• DNA, Bacterial isolation & purification   MeSH
• Escherichia coli analysis   cytology   genetics   MeSH
• DNA, Circular isolation & purification   MeSH
• R Factors * MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• DNA, Bacterial MeSH
• DNA, Circular MeSH