Cryptococcus laurentii strain AL27 demonstrating significant potential for intracellular phytase production was selected by 2-step screening of Antarctic yeasts. The strain showed increased phytase activity in a culture medium with 40 g/L sucrose, KH2PO4 providing 5 mg/L phosphorus, and cultivation temperature of 24 degrees C, which relates it to psychrotrophic microorganisms. The enzyme kinetic characteristics according to sodium phytate were Km = 0.98 mmol/L, vlim = 33.3 micromol g(-1) min(-1). The enzyme had maximum activity at 40 degrees C and acted within a wide pH range: from 2.0 to 5.5, which is of positive significance for its direct inclusion into the feed of monogastric animals.

• MeSH
• 6-Phytase chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Cryptococcus enzymology   genetics   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Fungal Proteins chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Kinetics MeSH
• Soil Microbiology * MeSH
• Enzyme Stability MeSH
• Temperature MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Antarctic Regions MeSH
• Names of Substances
• 6-Phytase MeSH
• Fungal Proteins MeSH

Kinetics of phytate hydrolysis by Aspergillus niger phytase and correlation between the amount of released phosphate and creation of lower myo-inositol phosphates were investigated. Phytase was able to hydrolyze myo-inositol hexakis-, pentakis-, tetrakis-, and trisphosphates. Finally, about 56% of total phosphate were released and myo-inositol bisphosphate was detected as the end-product.

• MeSH
• Aspergillus niger enzymology   MeSH
• Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases metabolism   MeSH
• Mass Spectrometry MeSH
• Inositol Phosphates analysis   metabolism   MeSH
• Kinetics MeSH
• Phytic Acid metabolism   MeSH
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• 3-phytase MeSH Browser
• Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases MeSH
• Inositol Phosphates MeSH
• Phytic Acid MeSH

Eighty-three isolates from different soil samples exhibited the potential for producing active extracellular phytase. The most active fungal isolate with phytase activity was identified as Penicillium simplicissimum. In shaking culture with enrichment medium, the highest extracellular phytase activity of the producing strain was 3.8 U/mL. The crude enzyme filtrate was purified to homogeneity using ultrafiltration. IEC and gel filtration chromatography. The molar mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 65 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The saccharide identification with periodic acid-Schiff reagent (PAS) and activity recognition by 1-naphthyl phosphate was all positive. The isoelectric point of the enzyme, as deduced by isoelectric focusing, was pH 5.8, the optimum pH and temperature being pH 4.0 and 55 degrees C, respectively. The purified enzyme revealed broad substrate specificity and was strongly inhibited by Fe2+, Fe3+ and Zn2+; however, no inhibition was found by EDTA and PMSF. Phytase activity was inhibited when 2 mmol/L of dodecasodium phytate was added and the Km for it was determined to be 813 mmol/L.

• MeSH
• 6-Phytase chemistry   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Chromatography, Ion Exchange MeSH
• Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel MeSH
• Chromatography, Gel MeSH
• Ions pharmacology   MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Metals pharmacology   MeSH
• Molecular Weight MeSH
• Penicillium enzymology   MeSH
• Soil Microbiology MeSH
• Substrate Specificity MeSH
• Temperature MeSH
• Ultrafiltration MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• 6-Phytase MeSH
• Ions MeSH
• Metals MeSH

This review deals with phytase (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase) and covers microbiological sources, phytase occurrence in plants and animals, its purification, physico-chemical and molecular properties. Protein engineering of phytase and potential enzyme applications are discussed.

• MeSH
• 6-Phytase * genetics   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Bacteria enzymology   MeSH
• Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MeSH
• Fungi enzymology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Food Industry MeSH
• Plants enzymology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• 6-Phytase * MeSH