• MeSH
• akupunkturní terapie * MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * MeSH
• tradiční orientální medicína * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH

• MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• lepra dějiny   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * MeSH
• tradiční orientální medicína * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH

Chinese herbal medicine is gaining increasing popularity worldwide for health promotion and adjuvant therapy. Thus, selective and efficient analytical methods are required not only for quality assurance but also for authentication of the plant material. Applications of both chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques to the analysis of medicinal plants and Chinese traditional medicine preparations over the last 3 years are outlined in this review. The role of chemical fingerprinting is highlighted and a brief survey of determination of toxic components, natural and synthetic adulterants is also included. Moreover, different sample pretreatment and extraction methods are discussed.

• MeSH
• léčivé rostliny chemie   MeSH
• řízení kvality MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

A. L. Cochrane's Effectiveness and Efficiency frequently appears as a key reference in debates over, and a justification for, contemporary evidence-based medicine. Cochrane's concern in this text with the equality of care as the ultimate rationale for why effectiveness and efficiency of cure are needed has, however, largely disappeared from debate. In this article, we reconsider Cochrane's approach through the use of case studies of plural forms of medicine in the Czech Republic, namely traditional Chinese medicine, homeopathy and spa care. In addition to bringing equality back into the picture, we also identify four expansions to Cochrane's original vision arising from the difficulties of separating cure from care; the overlap between prevention and cure; the complex actions of some multi-faceted therapies; and recent reconceptualisations of the placebo effect. In conclusion, we suggest that instead of the widely used strictly vertical "evidence pyramid", a descriptor of the horizontal and additive ordering of evidence might be more appropriate. We also argue that in healthcare systems characterised by a multiplicity of approaches, if we want to truly benefit from this heterogeneity, we must take seriously each medical tradition's approaches to prevention, cure, care, as well as efficiency, efficacy and equality.

• Klíčová slova
• Central and Eastern Europe, complementary and alternative medicine, equity, ethnography, evidence-based medicine, fairness, health policy,
• MeSH
• homeopatie * MeSH
• kulturní antropologie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• medicína založená na důkazech * MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * MeSH
• zdravotní politika * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Currently, there is an increase in the number of older people worldwide. Unfortunately, this demographic trend causes a rise in aging diseases, one of which is dementia. Recent research studies have indicated that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may serve as a predictor of dementia in many patients. At present, there is no pharmacological treatment against MCI. Therefore, there is constant search for novel alternative non-pharmacological approaches to improve MCI. One of the effective complementary emerging approaches seems to be Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which is nowadays becoming quite popular in the treatment of different disorders. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy of TCM as an effective complementary non-pharmacological tool for the improvement and treatment of MCI in older adults. The methods used for this review study included a literature search in the world's databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Springer. Afterwards, methods of comparison and evaluation of the findings from the selected studies were applied. The results of this review study indicate that TCM might be a beneficial complementary non-pharmacological approach to the improvement and treatment of MCI in older individuals. Nevertheless, more rigorously designed quality randomized clinical trials should be conducted in order to conclusively prove efficacy of TCM on the improvement of MCI among older population groups. In addition, there is an urgent call for a functional collaboration between western and eastern medicinal approaches, which could contribute to the enhancement of the overall quality of life of these aging population groups.

• Klíčová slova
• Benefits, Traditional Chinese Medicine, collaboration, intervention, limitations, mild cognitive impairment, older people,
• MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce terapie   MeSH
• komplementární terapie * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Since the concept of 'local biologies' was proposed in the 1990s, it has been used to examine biosocial processes that transform human bodies in similar and different ways around the globe. This paper explores understandings of biosocial differentiation and convergence in the case of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the Czech Republic. Specifically, it examines how Czech TCM practitioners view TCM as universally applicable while fine-tuning it to situated biosocial conditions, experimenting with the compatibilities of various human and plant bodies as part of their generalised, clinical practice. Drawing upon ethnographic research among TCM practitioners in the Czech Republic, it suggests that in addition to the individualization of TCM therapeutics to suit particular patients, Czech TCM is characterised by collective particularization, shaped by local concerns over ethnic, environmental and cultural differences. By looking critically at TCM practitioners' sensitivities to localised biological similarities and differences it aims to contribute to understandings of the expansion of TCM in Central Europe, as well as more broadly to current social science debates over the risks and opportunities inherent in abandoning the assumption of a universal human body and biology.

• Klíčová slova
• Czech Republic, Local biologies, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), globalisation, situated biologies,
• MeSH
• lékařská antropologie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče etnologie   MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The analysis of the historical aspects of the development of the meridian system the curative points of which had been discovered in the course of centuries evidently shows the meridians to have been set up more as a methodological and didactic aid rather than as a result of exact research. Classical acupuncture then represents a therapeutic method in terms of Chinese philosophy it is based on, formulated and dependent on the integral idealistic thought of that time in which philosophy, medicine and other natural sciences constitute a closed system.

• MeSH
• akupunkturní body MeSH
• akupunkturní terapie dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• filozofie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína dějiny   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH

Saiga horn extracts were analyzed with the goal of obtaining new information about compounds present in it. The purpose of this study is to find synthetic alternatives to Saiga horn extract, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine, by identifying potentially biologically active compounds in the extracts. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, we have been able to identify a series of short-chain polyhydroxybutyrates in alcoholic extracts of Saiga horn. Optimized high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry methods for analysis of short-chain poly-3-hydroxybutyrates were developed and subsequently applied to investigate Saiga horn extract for the presence of these compounds, which might explain its biological actions, particularly for its antipyretic and procoagulant properties.

• Klíčová slova
• Saiga horn, liquid chromatography, polyhydroxybutyrates, tandem mass spectrometry, traditional Chinese medicine,
• MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• léky rostlinné čínské chemie   MeSH
• polyestery analýza   MeSH
• rohy chemie   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• léky rostlinné čínské MeSH
• poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic acid) MeSH Prohlížeč
• polyestery MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH

The common opinion is that in Europe acupuncture was introduced in China at the end of the XVII century. However there are some publications, which describe the similar treatment method in the Stone Age Europe. From ancient to late middle century theoretical and practical aspects of medieval medicine in Europe were very similar to the Tradition Chinese medicine. So it is possible that historical phlebotomy in Europe (bloodletting) played the same role as the acupuncture in the Chinese therapy and they had one scientific source. In this article we are comparing the modern acupuncture with some Bohemian medical tractates (Practica medicinalis by Sigismundus Albicus from 1408-1424, De sanguinis minucione by Cristannus de Prachaticz from 1430). We can see the close relationship between localizations and indications of medieval phlebotomy and modern acupuncture points. 40% of the bloodletting points have close localization with the modern acupuncture points and 57% of their indications are common or very similar. The similarity of two methods may be explained in two ways. First is a common scientific source and intensive interaction and crosscultural transmission of knowledge during medical development in China and Europe up to the beginning of the XV century. This possibility indicates also some linguistic coincidences. On the other hand, both methods could have been developed separately based on common clinical empire and objective neuro-physiological patterns of human body.

• MeSH
• akupunkturní body MeSH
• akupunkturní terapie dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• flebotomie dějiny   MeSH
• kultura MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pouštění žilou dějiny   MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína dějiny   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH
• Evropa MeSH

Acupuncture is one of the methods of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In Asia, methods of TCM are quite often used in oncological patients in combination with classical medicine. In Europe and North America, the position of the TCM is not so clear. In the last few years, some studies were done which were supposed to verify scientifically the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of some symptoms in oncological patients and adverse effects of oncological treatment. Results of these studies indicate that acupuncture is effective in the treatment of pain, nausea, vomiting and xerostomia. The International Society of Integrative Oncology formulated some recommendations for using methods of TCM in oncological patients. In this field, there is still a lot of possibilities for further studies which could help acupuncture to become an important therapeutic method even in our region.

• MeSH
• akupunkturní terapie * MeSH
• bolest etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory komplikace   MeSH
• nauzea etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína MeSH
• xerostomie etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• zvracení etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• Severní Amerika MeSH