INTRODUCTION: The impact of bleeding for women with bleeding disorders (WBD) is of increasing focus and importance. Despite this, optimal management strategies are unclear and knowledge gaps persist. AIM: To examine practices and define research priorities on diagnosis and management of WBD in Europe. METHODS: An electronic survey on clinical management of WBD was sent to 136 European haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs), including open questions on knowledge gaps and research priorities. RESULTS: Fifty-nine HTCs from 12 Western (WE) and 13 Central/Eastern European (CEE) countries completed the survey. Less than half runs a joint clinic (24 HTCs, 42%). Most centres without a joint clinic have a named obstetrician (81%) and/or gynaecologist (75%) available for collaboration. Overall 18/54 (33%) European HTCs do not offer preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Third trimester amniocentesis to guide obstetric management is available 28/54 HTCs (52%), less frequent in CEE compared to WE countries (5/17 vs 23/37, P = .03). 53% of HTCs (28/53) reported that only 0%-25% of WBD seek medical advice for heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). An algorithm managing acute HMB in WBD is lacking in 22/53 (42%) HTCs. The main reported knowledge and research gaps are lack of awareness & education on WBD among patients and caregivers, optimal diagnostic strategies and effective multidisciplinary management of pregnancy & HMB. CONCLUSION: Joint clinics, prenatal diagnostics and algorithms for managing acute HMB are lacking in many European HTCs. HMB may be an underestimated issue. This survey highlights the need to prioritize improvement of knowledge and patient care for WBD across Europe.

• Klíčová slova
• bleeding disorder, haemophilia, heavy menstrual bleeding, postpartum haemorrhage and reproduction, survey, von Willebrand disease,
• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• amniocentéza statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• hematologické komplikace těhotenství epidemiologie   MeSH
• hemofilie A * komplikace   diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• koagulopatie * komplikace   diagnóza   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poporodní krvácení epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• poradenství MeSH
• preimplantační diagnóza statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• prenatální diagnóza normy   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• silné menstruační krvácení * diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• třetí trimestr těhotenství MeSH
• von Willebrandova nemoc * komplikace   diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE OF NEWBORN/complications *, LIVER DISEASES/in infancy and childhood *,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hemoragické poruchy * MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• krvácení z nedostatku vitaminu K komplikace   MeSH
• krvácení * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci jater * MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Severe trauma represents a major global public health burden and the management of post-traumatic bleeding continues to challenge healthcare systems around the world. Post-traumatic bleeding and associated traumatic coagulopathy remain leading causes of potentially preventable multiorgan failure and death if not diagnosed and managed in an appropriate and timely manner. This sixth edition of the European guideline on the management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following traumatic injury aims to advise clinicians who care for the bleeding trauma patient during the initial diagnostic and therapeutic phases of patient management. METHODS: The pan-European, multidisciplinary Task Force for Advanced Bleeding Care in Trauma included representatives from six European professional societies and convened to assess and update the previous version of this guideline using a structured, evidence-based consensus approach. Structured literature searches covered the period since the last edition of the guideline, but considered evidence cited previously. The format of this edition has been adjusted to reflect the trend towards concise guideline documents that cite only the highest-quality studies and most relevant literature rather than attempting to provide a comprehensive literature review to accompany each recommendation. RESULTS: This guideline comprises 39 clinical practice recommendations that follow an approximate temporal path for management of the bleeding trauma patient, with recommendations grouped behind key decision points. While approximately one-third of patients who have experienced severe trauma arrive in hospital in a coagulopathic state, a systematic diagnostic and therapeutic approach has been shown to reduce the number of preventable deaths attributable to traumatic injury. CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary approach and adherence to evidence-based guidelines are pillars of best practice in the management of severely injured trauma patients. Further improvement in outcomes will be achieved by optimising and standardising trauma care in line with the available evidence across Europe and beyond.

• Klíčová slova
• Diagnostics, Emergency medicine, Haemostasis, Major bleeding, Management, Practice guideline, Trauma, Traumatic coagulopathy,
• MeSH
• koagulopatie * MeSH
• konsensus MeSH
• krvácení * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multiorgánové selhání MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS *, MENSTRUATION *, PUBERTY *,
• MeSH
• koagulopatie * MeSH
• krvácení * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menstruace * MeSH
• pohlavní dospělost * MeSH
• puberta * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Congenital fibrinogen deficiency (CFD) is a rare bleeding disorder caused by mutations in FGA, FGB, and FGG. We sought to comprehensively characterize patients with CFD using PRO-RBDD (Prospective Rare Bleeding Disorders Database). Clinical phenotypes, laboratory, and genetic features were investigated using retrospective data from the PRO-RBDD. Patients were classified from asymptomatic to grade 3 based on their bleeding severity. In addition, FGA, FGB, and FGG were sequenced to find causative variants. A total of 166 CFD cases from 16 countries were included, of whom 123 (30 afibrinogenemia, 33 hypofibrinogenemia, 55 dysfibrinogenemia, and 5 hypodysfibrinogenemia) were well characterized. Considering the previously established factor activity and antigen level thresholds, bleeding severity was correctly identified in 58% of the cases. The rates of thrombotic events among afibrinogenemic and hypofibrinogenemic patients were relatively similar (11% and 10%, respectively) and surprisingly higher than in dysfibrinogenemic cases. The rate of spontaneous abortions among 68 pregnancies was 31%, including 86% in dysfibrinogenemic women and 14% with hypofibrinogenemia. Eighty-six patients received treatment (69 on-demand and/or 17 on prophylaxis), with fibrinogen concentrates being the most frequently used product. Genetic analysis was available for 91 cases and 41 distinct variants were identified. Hotspot variants (FGG, p.Arg301Cys/His and FGA, p.Arg35Cys/His) were present in 51% of dysfibrinogenemia. Obstetric complications were commonly observed in dysfibrinogenemia. This large multicenter study provided a comprehensive insight into the clinical, laboratory, and genetic history of patients with CFDs. We conclude that bleeding severity grades were in agreement with the established factor activity threshold in nearly half of the cases with quantitative defects.

• MeSH
• afibrinogenemie * epidemiologie   genetika   komplikace   MeSH
• fibrinogen genetika   MeSH
• hemostatika * MeSH
• krvácení genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fibrinogen MeSH
• hemostatika * MeSH

Fetal intracranial hemorrhage represents a rare event with an estimated prevalence of 1:10 000 pregnancies. We report a patient diagnosed prenatally with intracranial hemorrhage and ventriculomegaly carrying a novel, previously unreported, likely pathogenic variant in COL4A1. At the gestational age of 27 weeks, dilation of lateral ventricles was detected during a routine prenatal ultrasound scan, confirmed by prenatal MRI at 30 + 3 weeks of gestation. Prenatal examinations included amniocentesis with conventional G-band karyotyping and arrayCGH, and maternal testing for TORCH and parvovirus B19 infections. Virtual gene panel based on whole-exome sequencing data was performed postnatally. At the age of 2.5 months, the patient manifested epileptic seizures that remain difficult to control. Postnatal MRI showed partial thalamic fusion and polymicrogyria, in addition to severe enlargement of lateral ventricles, multiple deposits of hemosiderin in cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres, and thin optic nerve and chiasma. Virtual gene panel based on whole-exome sequencing data led to a detection of a de novo previously unreported in-frame deletion NM_001845.5:c.4688_4711del in COL4A1 located in the highly conserved NC1 domain initiating collagen helix assembly. The presented case lies one a more severe end of the COL4A1 mutation-related disease spectrum, manifesting as fetal intracranial bleeding, malformation of cortical development, drug-resistant epilepsy, and developmental delay.

• Klíčová slova
• COL4A1, COL4A1 mutation-related disorders, intracranial hemorrhage, malformation of cortical development, polymicrogyria,
• MeSH
• hydrocefalus * MeSH
• intrakraniální krvácení MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kolagen typu IV genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• plod MeSH
• polymikrogyrie * genetika   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• COL4A1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• kolagen typu IV MeSH

Hemostasis can be characterized as an array of physiological mechanisms providing both blood fluidity in the intact blood vessels and hemostasis in the event of impaired continuity of the blood vessel wall. The impaired hemo-static balance may lead on the one hand to an increased tendency to bleed, either spontaneously or only in response to an external stimulus. At the opposite end of bleeding are thrombophilic conditions characterized by an increased tendency to blood coagulation and thereby to the development of venous or arterial thrombosis. The hemostatic balance is the result of normal functioning of the blood vessel wall, platelets and plasma agents which include the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems and their inhibitors. By coagulation we understand the process leading to the formation of fibrin networks including the controlled interaction of coagulation factors. It is a physiological process as opposed to thrombosis which can be defined as increased coagulation under pathological conditions. Key words: coagulation - coagulation factors - coagulopathy - hemophilia - inhibitors of coagulation factors deficiencies - purpura - thrombocytopathy - thrombocytopenia.

• MeSH
• hemokoagulace MeSH
• hemostáza * MeSH
• koagulační faktory MeSH
• koagulopatie * vrozené   etiologie   MeSH
• krvácení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• trombóza * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• koagulační faktory MeSH

PURPOSE: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality, with major bleeding and trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) contributing to negative patient outcomes. Treatments for TIC include tranexamic acid (TXA), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and coagulation factor concentrates (CFCs, e.g. prothrombin complex concentrates [PCCs] and fibrinogen concentrate [FCH]). Guidelines for TIC management vary across Europe and a clear definition of TIC is still lacking. METHODS: An advisory board involving European trauma experts was held on 02 February 2019, to discuss clinical experience in the management of trauma-related bleeding and recommendations from European guidelines, focusing on CFC use (mainly FCH). This review summarises the discussions, including TIC definitions, gaps in the guidelines that affect their implementation, and barriers to use of CFCs, with suggested solutions. RESULTS: A definition of TIC, which incorporates clinical (e.g. severe bleeding) and laboratory parameters (e.g. low fibrinogen) is suggested. TIC should be treated immediately with TXA and FCH/red blood cells; subsequently, if fibrinogen ≤ 1.5 g/L (or equivalent by viscoelastic testing), treatment with FCH, then PCC (if bleeding continues) is suggested. Fibrinogen concentrate, and not FFP, should be administered as first-line therapy for TIC. Several initiatives may improve TIC management, with improved medical education of major importance; generation of new and stronger data, simplified clinical practice guidance, and improved access to viscoelastic testing are also critical factors. CONCLUSIONS: Management of TIC is challenging. A standard definition of TIC, together with initiatives to facilitate effective CFC administration, may contribute to improved patient care and outcomes.

• Klíčová slova
• Bleeding, Coagulation factor concentrates, Expert opinion, Fibrinogen concentrate, Trauma-induced coagulopathy,
• MeSH
• fibrinogen terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hemostatika * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• koagulační faktory farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• koagulopatie * terapie   MeSH
• krvácení farmakoterapie   etiologie   MeSH
• kyselina tranexamová * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fibrinogen MeSH
• hemostatika * MeSH
• koagulační faktory MeSH
• kyselina tranexamová * MeSH

BACKGROUND: Severe trauma continues to represent a global public health issue and mortality and morbidity in trauma patients remains substantial. A number of initiatives have aimed to provide guidance on the management of trauma patients. This document focuses on the management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma and encourages adaptation of the guiding principles to each local situation and implementation within each institution. METHODS: The pan-European, multidisciplinary Task Force for Advanced Bleeding Care in Trauma was founded in 2004 and included representatives of six relevant European professional societies. The group used a structured, evidence-based consensus approach to address scientific queries that served as the basis for each recommendation and supporting rationale. Expert opinion and current clinical practice were also considered, particularly in areas in which randomised clinical trials have not or cannot be performed. Existing recommendations were reconsidered and revised based on new scientific evidence and observed shifts in clinical practice; new recommendations were formulated to reflect current clinical concerns and areas in which new research data have been generated. This guideline represents the fourth edition of a document first published in 2007 and updated in 2010 and 2013. RESULTS: The guideline now recommends that patients be transferred directly to an appropriate trauma treatment centre and encourages use of a restricted volume replacement strategy during initial resuscitation. Best-practice use of blood products during further resuscitation continues to evolve and should be guided by a goal-directed strategy. The identification and management of patients pre-treated with anticoagulant agents continues to pose a real challenge, despite accumulating experience and awareness. The present guideline should be viewed as an educational aid to improve and standardise the care of the bleeding trauma patients across Europe and beyond. This document may also serve as a basis for local implementation. Furthermore, local quality and safety management systems need to be established to specifically assess key measures of bleeding control and outcome. CONCLUSIONS: A multidisciplinary approach and adherence to evidence-based guidance are key to improving patient outcomes. The implementation of locally adapted treatment algorithms should strive to achieve measureable improvements in patient outcome.

• MeSH
• koagulopatie terapie   MeSH
• krvácení * terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management nemoci * MeSH
• medicína založená na důkazech metody   MeSH
• rány a poranění komplikace   terapie   MeSH
• směrnice jako téma * MeSH
• terapie náhlých příhod metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• MeSH
• depresivní poruchy MeSH
• elektrokonvulzívní terapie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polytrauma MeSH
• poranění mozku MeSH
• traumatické poranění mozku * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• komentáře MeSH
• úvodníky MeSH