• Klíčová slova
• Arthroscopy, Mini-instruments,
• MeSH
• artroskopie metody   MeSH
• artroskopy * MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• kostní dráty MeSH
• léčebná irigace přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrochirurgie přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• miniinvazivní chirurgické výkony přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• nemoci temporomandibulárního kloubu chirurgie   MeSH
• nerezavějící ocel chemie   MeSH
• temporomandibulární kloub chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• nerezavějící ocel MeSH

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is one of the most common screening instruments for mild cognitive impairment. However, the standard MoCA is approximately two times longer to administer than the Mini-Mental State Examination. A total of 699 Czech and 175 American participants received the standard MoCA Czech and English versions and in the clinical part, a sample of 102 nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We created a validated Czech short version (s-MoCA-CZ) from the original using item response theory. As expected, s-MoCA-CZ scores were highly correlated with the standard version (Pearson r = .94, p < .001). s-MoCA-CZ also had 80% classification accuracy in the differentiation of PD mild cognitive impairment from PD without impairment. The s-MoCA-CZ, a brief screening tool, is shorter to administer than the standard MoCA. It provides high-classification accuracy for PD mild cognitive impairment and is equivalent to that of the standard MoCA-CZ.

• Klíčová slova
• MMSE, MoCA, cognitive screening, s-MoCA, s-MoCA-CZ, test equating,
• MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc * diagnóza   MeSH
• srovnání kultur MeSH
• testy pro posouzení mentálních funkcí a demence MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

CONTEXT: Miniaturized instruments for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), utilizing tracts sized ≤22 Fr, have been developed in an effort to reduce the morbidity and increase the efficiency of stone removal compared with standard PNL (>22 Fr). OBJECTIVE: We systematically reviewed all available evidence on the efficacy and safety of miniaturized PNL for removing renal calculi. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: The review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. Since it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis, the data were summarized in a narrative synthesis. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: After screening 2945 abstracts, 18 studies were included (two randomized controlled trials [RCTs], six nonrandomized comparative studies, and 10 case series). Thirteen studies were full-text articles and five were only available as congress abstracts. The size of tracts used in miniaturized procedures ranged from 22 Fr to 4.8 Fr. The largest mean stone size treated using small instruments was 980mm2. Stone-free rates were comparable in miniaturized and standard PNL procedures. Procedures performed with small instruments tended to be associated with significantly lower blood loss, while the procedure duration tended to be significantly longer. Other complications were not notably different between PNL types. Study designs and populations were heterogeneous. Study limitations included selection and outcome reporting bias, as well as a lack of information on relevant confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: The studies suggest that miniaturized PNL is at least as efficacious and safe as standard PNL for the removal of renal calculi. However, the quality of the evidence was poor, drawn mainly from small studies, the majority of which were single-arm case series, and only two of which were RCTs. Furthermore, the tract sizes used and types of stones treated were heterogeneous. Hence, the risks of bias and confounding were high, highlighting the need for more reliable data from RCTs. PATIENT SUMMARY: Removing kidney stones via percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) using smaller sized instruments (mini-PNL) appears to be as effective and safe as using larger (traditional) instruments, but more clinical research is needed.

• Klíčová slova
• Mini-perc, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, Residual fragments, Stenting, Stone surgery, Systematic review, Urinary calculi,
• MeSH
• chirurgické nástroje * normy   MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dodržování směrnic MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• ledvinové kameny diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• miniaturizace MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• perkutánní nefrolitotomie škodlivé účinky   přístrojové vybavení   normy   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma * normy   MeSH
• společnosti lékařské * normy   MeSH
• urologie normy   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

This paper lists the proper steps in performing abortions during pregnancy as determined by the Czechoslovakia Ministry of Health. In nulliparous women, the mini-abortion may be performed up to the 45th day of pregnancy and in multiparous women up to the 55th day. Suction curretage without general anesthesia is the recommended method. Details of the technique of mini-abortion, the instruments used, and facility requirements are described. Before discharge, the patient rests in the supine and sitting positions for up to 1 hour. If there are no complications, follow-up examination takes place after 14 days and possibly also after the 1st menstrual period. At this time it is important to check the patient for possible extrauterine pregnancy which may have been undetected at the time of the abortion.

• Klíčová slova
• Abortion, Induced *, Czechoslovakia, Developed Countries, Eastern Europe *, Europe, Family Planning *, Fertility Control, Postconception *, Parity, Pregnancy *, Pregnancy, First Trimester *, Reproduction *,
• MeSH
• indukovaný potrat metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

Currently, peroperative palpatory examination of the lungs represents standard method, however the development of the new mini-invasive surgery techniques devoid of palpable facilities, demands utilization of different procedures. The authors present their experiences involving detection of pulmonary lesions during thoracoscopic surgery visually, by endoscopic instruments, preoperative dye marking and peroperative ultrasonography via an endoscopic ultrasonic probe (all performed in Liberec District Hospital a.s.). The article describes operation techniques and tactics of thoracoscopic surgeries performed with pulmonary pathological processes in both subpleural and pulmonary parenchyma locations.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• miniinvazivní chirurgické výkony MeSH
• palpace MeSH
• plicní nemoci diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• torakoskopie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: In answer to the call for improved accessibility of neuropsychological services to the international community, the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS; MS) was validated in multiple, non-English-speaking countries. It was created to monitor processing speed and learning in MS patients, including abbreviated versions of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd Edition, and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test, Revised. The objective of the present study was to examine whether participant nationality impacts performance above and beyond common demographic correlates. METHOD: We combined published data-sets from Argentina, Brazil, Czech Republic, Iran, and the U.S.A. resulting in a database of 1,097 healthy adults, before examining the data via multiple regression. RESULTS: Nationality significantly predicted performance on all three BICAMS tests after controlling for age and years of education. Interactions among the core predictor variables were non-significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that nationality significantly influences BICAMS performance and established the importance of the inclusion of a nationality variable when international norms for the BICAMS are constructed.

• Klíčová slova
• BICAMS, demographics, multiple sclerosis, nationality, neuropsychological tests,
• MeSH
• databáze faktografické MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• etnicita * MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy diagnóza   etnologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza etnologie   psychologie   MeSH
• testy pro posouzení mentálních funkcí a demence * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Argentina MeSH
• Brazílie MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Írán MeSH
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this data paper is to provide the data set of a sub-analysis of the DEMDATA study data. In the DEMDATA study, epidemiological data on the prevalence and severity of dementia, as well as functioning, behavioral problems and other health related factors in residents living in Austrian and Czech nursing homes were collected. The DEMDATA project further provides information on relatives' perception of the life Quality of residents, care team burden as well as environmental factors. Participating nursing homes were randomly drawn and stratified. Inclusion criteria for participation were that the resident was living permanently in the institution and that he/she and/or a legal representative (where relevant) had signed an informed consent. DATA DESCRIPTION: This paper provides data of cognitive, functional and behavioral assessments as well as other health related information of 1085 residents living in Austrian and Czech nursing homes. For each resident, several measurements on his or her cognitive, functional, and behavioral status are available. Also further health-related factors such as quality of life, pain, numbers of falls and hospital stays are provided.

• Klíčová slova
• Austria, Czech Republic, Dementia, Epidemiological data, Nursing homes,
• MeSH
• demence epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• domovy pro seniory * MeSH
• kvalita života psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy * MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• testy pro posouzení mentálních funkcí a demence statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Rakousko epidemiologie   MeSH

BACKGROUND: Driving constitutes a very important aspect of daily life and is dependent on cognitive functions such as attention, visuo-spatial skills and memory, which are often compromised in dementia. Therefore, the driving fitness of patients with dementia needs to be addressed by physicians and those that are deemed unfit should not be allowed to continue driving. OBJECTIVE: We aimed at investigating to what extent physicians assess driving fitness in dementia patients and determinant factors for revoking of their licenses. METHODS: This study includes 15113 patients with newly diagnosed dementia and driver's license registered in the Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem). The main outcomes were reporting to the licensing authority and making an agreement about driving eligibility with the patients. RESULTS: Physicians had not taken any action in 16% of dementia patients, whereas 9% were reported to the authority to have their licenses revoked. Males (OR = 3.04), those with an MMSE score between 20-24 (OR = 1.35) and 10-19 (OR = 1.50), patients with frontotemporal (OR = 3.09) and vascular dementia (OR = 1.26) were more likely to be reported to the authority. CONCLUSION: For the majority of patients with dementia, driving fitness was assessed. Nevertheless, physicians did not address the issue in a sizeable proportion of dementia patients. Type of dementia, cognitive status, age, sex and burden of comorbidities are independent factors associated with the assessment of driving fitness in patients with dementia. Increased knowledge on how these factors relate to road safety may pave the way for more specific guidelines addressing the issue of driving in patients with dementia.

• Klíčová slova
• Alzheimer’s disease, Dementia, agreement, cognitive status, driving license, frontotemporal dementia,
• MeSH
• demence komplikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• psychomotorické poruchy diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• registrace * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• řízení motorových vozidel * MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• testy pro posouzení mentálních funkcí a demence MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Švédsko epidemiologie   MeSH

• MeSH
• aminofylin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dihydroergotoxin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• katecholaminy aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lékové interakce MeSH
• operantní podmiňování účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aminofylin MeSH
• dihydroergotoxin MeSH
• katecholaminy MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The centres dedicated to dementia throughout Europe use different neuropsychological tests in clinical practice. The European Federation of Neurological Societies task force on neuropsychological tests produced this survey on neuropsychological tests currently being used in different European countries to gather knowledge on the practice of dementia centres and to promote the harmonization of such instruments and future multicentre collaborations. METHODS: National representatives of 34 countries received a questionnaire and 25 (73.5%) sent it back. RESULTS: A few instruments, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test (TMT), Verbal Fluency and Clock Drawing Test, were available in all countries. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales and MMSE were reported to be valid, respectively, in 20 (80%) and 19 (76%) countries, whereas Verbal Fluency and Stroop Test are valid in 18 (72%) of them. Of the 25 countries, 17 have validation norms for Clock Drawing Test and TMT (68%), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale, Rey Complex Figure Test, Digit Symbol and Beck Depression Inventory were standardized in 16 countries (64%). The remaining tests were validated, at most, in about half of them. Not all countries certificate neuropsychology. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the substantial differences in the tools used by the EFNS countries for most domains surveyed by the questionnaire, there is at least one neuropsychological instrument used by about 80% of the countries. There is clearly the need for a broader consensus in the use of neuropsychological tests for dementia diagnosis.

• MeSH
• demence diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy normy   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH