Periferní nervová stimulace Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
- MeSH
- akční potenciály * MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- elektrická stimulace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nervová vlákna myelinizovaná MeSH
- neurologické vyšetření MeSH
- periferní nervy * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
In anaesthetized cats, the reactions of reticulospinal (RS) neurones were tested to paired stimuli applied at the periphery and in central structures (spinal cord funiculi, the reticular formation). This resulted in depression or disappearance of polysynaptic responses to the electrical testing stimuli. The intensity and duration of depression in the same animal after stimulation of peripheral and central structures was comparable, indicating that the responsible mechanisms act chiefly in the reticular formation itself. Polysynaptic discharges from RS neurones could be evoked from one source even when their responses to frequent stimulation of another source was depressed; this shows that attenuation affects reticular formation neurones before RS neurone level. Interposition of this mechanism between receptors and the RS system is very effective from the functional aspect: when the transmission and processing of a signal which does not bring any new information is minimized, the responses of the efferent RS system are minimized at the same instant.
- MeSH
- elektrická stimulace MeSH
- fyzikální stimulace MeSH
- kočky MeSH
- míšní nervy cytologie MeSH
- nervová blokáda MeSH
- neurony fyziologie MeSH
- periferní nervy fyziologie MeSH
- retikulární formace cytologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kočky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- aminobutyráty farmakologie MeSH
- elektrická stimulace MeSH
- evokované potenciály účinky léků MeSH
- GABA farmakologie MeSH
- hydroxybutyráty farmakologie MeSH
- jádra thalamu fyziologie MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mozková kůra účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- nervové dráhy MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- periferní nervy fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aminobutyráty MeSH
- GABA MeSH
- hydroxybutyráty MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Hypokinetic dysarthria (HD) is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) which does not respond well to PD treatments. We investigated acute effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the motor and auditory feedback area on HD in PD using acoustic analysis of speech. METHODS: We used 10 Hz and 1 Hz stimulation protocols and applied rTMS over the left orofacial primary motor area, the right superior temporal gyrus (STG), and over the vertex (a control stimulation site) in 16 PD patients with HD. A cross-over design was used. Stimulation sites and protocols were randomised across subjects and sessions. Acoustic analysis of a sentence reading task performed inside the MR scanner was used to evaluate rTMS-induced effects on motor speech. Acute fMRI changes due to rTMS were also analysed. RESULTS: The 1 Hz STG stimulation produced significant increases of the relative standard deviation of the 2nd formant (p = 0.019), i.e. an acoustic parameter describing the tongue and jaw movements. The effects were superior to the control site stimulation and were accompanied by increased resting state functional connectivity between the stimulated region and the right parahippocampal gyrus. The rTMS-induced acoustic changes were correlated with the reading task-related BOLD signal increases of the stimulated area (R = 0.654, p = 0.029). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate for the first time that low-frequency stimulation of the temporal auditory feedback area may improve articulation in PD and enhance functional connectivity between the STG and the cortical region involved in an overt speech control.
- Klíčová slova
- Acoustic analysis, Auditory feedback area, Hypokinetic dysarthria, Parkinson's disease, rTMS,
- MeSH
- akustika řeči MeSH
- dysartrie diagnostické zobrazování etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- gyrus parahippocampalis diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- konektom * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- motorické korové centrum diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- nervová síť diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc komplikace diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzorická zpětná vazba fyziologie MeSH
- spánkový lalok diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- transkraniální magnetická stimulace * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Brain-specific link protein Bral2 represents a substantial component of perineuronal nets (PNNs) enwrapping neurons in the central nervous system. To elucidate the role of Bral2 in auditory signal processing, the hearing function in knockout Bral2(-/-) (KO) mice was investigated using behavioral and electrophysiological methods and compared with wild type Bral2(+/+) (WT) mice. The amplitudes of the acoustic startle reflex (ASR) and the efficiency of the prepulse inhibition of ASR (PPI of ASR), produced by prepulse noise stimulus or gap in continuous noise, was similar in 2-week-old WT and KO mice. Over the 2-month postnatal period the increase of ASR amplitudes was significantly more evident in WT mice than in KO mice. The efficiency of the PPI of ASR significantly increased in the 2-month postnatal period in WT mice, whereas in KO mice the PPI efficiency did not change. Hearing thresholds in 2-month-old WT mice, based on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) recordings, were significantly lower at high frequencies than in KO mice. However, amplitudes and peak latencies of individual waves of click-evoked ABR did not differ significantly between WT and KO mice. Temporal resolution and neural adaptation were significantly better in 2-month-old WT mice than in age-matched KO mice. These results support a hypothesis that the absence of perineuronal net formation at the end of the developmental period in the KO mice results in higher hearing threshold at high frequencies and weaker temporal resolution ability in adult KO animals compared to WT mice.
- MeSH
- akustická stimulace metody MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- extracelulární matrix - proteiny nedostatek MeSH
- fyziologická adaptace fyziologie MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši kmene 129 MeSH
- myši knockoutované MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nervová síť růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- periferní nervy růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- prepulsní inhibice fyziologie MeSH
- proteiny nervové tkáně nedostatek MeSH
- sluchové kmenové evokované potenciály fyziologie MeSH
- úleková reakce fyziologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- extracelulární matrix - proteiny MeSH
- Hapln4 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- proteiny nervové tkáně MeSH