Although women and men rate their subjective arousal similarly in response to "female-centric" erotic videos, women rate their subjective arousal lower than men in response to "male-centric" videos, which often end with the male's ejaculation. This study asked whether ratings of subjective sexual arousal and desire using the Sexual Arousal and Desire Inventory (SADI) would be altered if this ending was present or absent, and whether including or excluding the accompanying soundtrack would influence the magnitude and direction of the responses. A total of 119 cis-gendered heterosexual undergraduates (59 women and 60 men) viewed an 11-min sexually explicit heterosexual video that ended with a 15-s ejaculation scene. Two versions of the video were created, one with the ejaculatory ending (E+) and one without (E-). Participants were assigned randomly to view one of the two versions with (S+) or without (S-) the accompanying soundtrack, after which they completed the state version of the SADI. Women and men found both sequences without sound less arousing on the Evaluative, Motivational, and Physiological subscales of the SADI relative to the S+ sequences. However, on the Negative/Aversive subscale, women found the E + S- sequence more negative than did men, whereas this difference was not found with sound. Thus, women and men were sensitive to the auditory content of sexually explicit videos, and scenes of sexual intercourse ending with explicit ejaculation increased the Evaluative and Motivational properties of subjective sexual arousal and desire. However, this occurred in women only when the auditory cues signaled a clear and gratifying sexual interaction.

• Klíčová slova
• Auditory, Ejaculation, Erotic video, Subjective sexual arousal and desire, Visual,
• MeSH
• erotika MeSH
• heterosexualita MeSH
• libido MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• podněty * MeSH
• sexuální chování MeSH
• sexuální vzrušení * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

RATIONALE: Self-report studies indicate that cannabis could increase sexual desire in some users. We hypothesized that intoxication increases activation of brain areas responsive to visual erotica, which could be useful in the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder, a condition marked by a lack of sexual desire. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess the aphrodisiacal properties of cannabis. METHODS: We conducted an open-randomized study with 21 heterosexual casual cannabis users. A 3T MRI was used to measure brain activation in response to erotic pictures. Blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of cannabinoids, cortisol and prolactin. Participants were grouped according to whether they had ever experienced any aphrodisiacal effects during intoxication (Group A) or not (Group non-A). RESULTS: Intoxication was found to significantly increase activation in the right nucleus accumbens in the Group A while significantly decreasing activation in the Group non-A. There was also a significant interaction between the group and intoxication, with elevated prolactin in the Group non-A during intoxication. No intoxication-related differences in subjective picture evaluations were found. CONCLUSION: Cannabis intoxication increases activation of the right nucleus accumbens to erotic stimuli. This effect is limited to users whose prolactin is not elevated in response to intoxication. This effect may be useful in the treatment of low sexual desire.

• Klíčová slova
• Cannabis, Cortisol, Dopamine, Hypoactive sexual desire, Hypothalamus, Nucleus accumbens, Prolactin, fMRI,
• MeSH
• Cannabis metabolismus   toxicita   MeSH
• erotika MeSH
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• hydrokortison krev   MeSH
• hypnotika a sedativa MeSH
• kanabidiol krev   chemie   MeSH
• libido etika   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mozek fyziologie   MeSH
• nucleus accumbens MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• prolaktin krev   MeSH
• tetrahydrokanabinol krev   chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• hydrokortison MeSH
• hypnotika a sedativa MeSH
• kanabidiol MeSH
• nabiximols MeSH Prohlížeč
• prolaktin MeSH
• tetrahydrokanabinol MeSH

Attention to sexual stimuli is necessary for the development of sexual response, yet while there is some evidence of attention bias in favor of sexual stimuli, the direction and magnitude of the effect remain unknown. A high-powered sample of 113 participants was tested using the dot-probe task (DPT) and picture recognition task (PRT) to measure visuospatial attention to erotic images. Participants showed no attention bias in the DPT (r B = 0.201, p = 0.064) but were significantly better at recognizing erotic rather than neutral or training pictures (d = 1.445 and 1.461, respectively, both p < 0.001). This indicates that spatial attention bias to sexual pictures is small, negligible, possibly even non-existent, or else the DPT is not a reliable tool to assess it. Results of the PRT, on the other hand, show that sexual stimuli are prioritized in memory and this should be explored in future research.

• Klíčová slova
• attention, dot probe, erotic, images, pictures, recognition, sexual, visuospatial attention,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Changes in motivational processing may play a role in weight gain and other non-motor side effects in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated with deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: We aimed to assess changes in aversive and appetitive motivational activation using modulation of the acoustic blink reflex (ABR) by rewarding and aversive stimuli. METHODS: ABR elicited during the viewing of erotic, food, aversive and neutral pictures was recorded in 11 off-medicated patients with the subthalamic stimulation switched ON and OFF, and in 11 control subjects. RESULTS: ABR to erotic stimuli was larger in patients in the ON compared to the OFF condition and controls (P < 0.01). Aversive stimuli caused a larger increase in the ABR in patients with the ON condition than in controls (P < 0.05). Additionally, we found a negative correlation of the ABR magnitude to food pictures in the ON condition with weight gain following subthalamic stimulation (P < 0.01, after adjustment to OFF condition). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that subthalamic stimulation affects motivational processing. Subthalamic stimulation may disturb appetitive engagement by erotic cues and increase aversive activation in PD patients. Additionally, postoperative weight gain may be related to changes in the processing of food cues due to subthalamic stimulation.

• Klíčová slova
• Acoustic blink reflex, Deep brain stimulation, Motivation, Weight gain,
• MeSH
• hluboká mozková stimulace * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• motivace fyziologie   MeSH
• mrkání MeSH
• nucleus subthalamicus fyziologie   MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• sexuální chování fyziologie   MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The author examined, using an electrocapacitance VPG apparatus, 50 women reporting homosexual orientation. The results were compared with a control group of 50 women volunteers who reported a defined heterosexual orientation and had no marked complaints and problems in their sexual life. The general vasomotor reactivity in response to erotic stimuli did not differ in the two groups of women (the number of recorded vasomotor reactions differed only insignificantly). During evaluation of the total number of positive reactions to heterosexual and homosexual categories of stimuli the difference between the two groups was highly significant (similarly as during evaluation of the number of positive reactions which were described as major reactions). Women of the homosexually oriented group responded as expected, significantly more frequently and more markedly to homosexual stimuli. As compared with the control group of heterosexually oriented women, they had a generally poorer capacity to differentiate between different categories of erotic stimuli and a lower reactivity during projection of slides of homosexual partnership activities than during projection of slides of homosexual objects (nudes). In all examined women of the control group an unequivocal heterosexual orientation was recorded, in the group of homosexual women a more or less defined homosexual orientation was confirmed. In both groups was a high correlation between the subjectively reported sexual orientation and the results of the VPG examination. The authors confirmed that it is possible to use electrocapacitance vulvoplethysmography as evidence of the homosexual orientation in women and that this psychophysiological examination method is relatively reliable in the diagnosis of female homosexuality.

• MeSH
• arousal * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• erotika MeSH
• homosexualita * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pletysmografie MeSH
• vulva krevní zásobení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Pathophysiology explanations for functional movement disorders often assume a role for emotional hyperarousal. Pupillometry is a validated method for evaluation of emotional arousal by detecting changes in pupil size in response to emotional stimuli. In a case-control study design, we aimed to study objective and subjective emotional arousal using pupillometry and affective ratings. To assess attentional engagement by affective stimuli, we used videooculographic tracking of eye movement patterns (scanpath). METHODS: Twenty-five female patients with functional movement disorders (mean age: 40.9 [SD 12.7] years) and 23 age matched healthy female controls participated in the study. Using infrared high-resolution eye-tracker, both pupil size and eye movement pattern in response to emotionally charged erotic, adventure, threat, victim, and neutral pictures were recorded along with subjective ratings of emotional valence and arousal of the presented pictures. RESULTS: A between-group comparison showed significantly smaller pupil dilation to adventure stimuli compared to neutral stimuli in patients compared to controls (P < 0.004, bootstrap, uncorr., adj. η2 = 0.00). No significant difference in pupillary response to other stimuli and scanpath parameters was found between the groups. Patients rated significantly lower emotional arousal to erotic pictures than controls (P < 0.001, bootstrap, uncorr., adj. η2 = 0.09). CONCLUSION: This study did not find evidence of autonomous or subjective emotional hyperarousal. The mismatch between objective autonomic measures and subjective arousal ratings in patients is of pathophysiological interest and in line with recent findings of impaired interoception in functional movement disorders.

• Klíčová slova
• Affective ratings, Conversion disorder, Emotional arousal, Motor functional neurological disorder, Pupillometry, Scanpath,
• MeSH
• arousal * fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• emoce fyziologie   MeSH
• konverzní poruchy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pozornost MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Using the phalloplethysmographic test, comprising 50 coloured slides of six categories, 50 men with impaired erectivity and a control group of 50 men free from disorders or complaints as regards sexual life were examined. On exposure of slides of heterosexual partner activities positive reactions were recorded in all examined men. Men with impaired erectivity, however, displayed in response to these optic erotic stimuli a lower vasomotor reactivity. These men reacted more frequently positively also to homosexual stimuli and to children. In two men with erectile dysfunction the phalloplethysmographic examination revealed a bisexual orientation, in one a preference of heterosexual child objects, in another eight a quite undefined age differentiation in heterosexual objects.

• MeSH
• arousal MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• erekce penisu MeSH
• erektilní dysfunkce patofyziologie   MeSH
• erotika MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penis patofyziologie   MeSH
• pletysmografie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

Men and women respond differently when presented with sexual stimuli. Men's reaction is gender-specific, and women's reaction is gender-nonspecific. This might be a result of differential cognitive processing of sexual cues, namely copulatory movement (CM), which is present in almost every dynamic erotic stimulus. A novelty eye-tracking procedure was developed to assess the saliency of short film clips containing CM or non-CM sexual activities. Results from 29 gynephilic men and 31 androphilic women showed only small and insignificant effects in attention bias and no effects in attentional capture. Our results suggest that CM is not processed differently in men and women and, therefore, is not the reason behind gender-nonspecific sexual responses in women.

• MeSH
• heterosexualita * MeSH
• kopulace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odklon pozornosti * MeSH
• sexuální chování MeSH
• technologie sledování pohybu očí MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Using phalloplethysmographic tests comprising 20 coloured slides of four categories the authors examined 50 homosexual pedophil delinquents and a matched group of heterosexual men. The findings of the two compared groups differed significantly on exposure to three categories of erotic stimuli--adult heterosexual and homosexual objects and child homosexual objects. Only on projection of child heterosexual objects there were no statistically significant differences in the number and magnitude of positive vasomotor reactions recorded in the two groups. Men in the control group responded more frequently and more positively to adult heterosexual objects than homosexual pedophil delinquents. The latter responded more frequently positively to adult and child homosexual objects. In more than one quarter of the delinquents (13 men) a preference of child objects was found, i.e. a deviant pedophil orientation. In seven men the preference of child objects was without sexual differentiation, six men preferred homosexual child objects.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• homosexualita * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pedofilie patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• penis patofyziologie   MeSH
• pletysmografie MeSH
• sexuální zneužívání dítěte * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

Depression greatly affects sexuality. Theoretical and empirical evidence account for the existence of attention bias to sex-related stimuli. This attention bias might be impaired in depression, resulting in sexual problems. A sample of 13 patients with depression and 13 matched healthy controls were tested using the dot-probe and picture recognition task to measure attention to erotic images. No difference in attention to sex-related stimuli (ω2 = 0, p = 0.22) and in memory bias (ω2 = 0, p = 0.72) was found between the two groups. Explorative analyses were conducted to identify the sexual content-induced delay effect in the data, assess variability differences, and compare trial-level bias score-based indexes between groups. Across all analyses, there was little evidence for depression affecting sexual-related cognitive processing, and even this might be explained by other means. Our results suggest that restrained attention is probably not the main factor behind sexual problems in depression.

• Klíčová slova
• attention bias, depression, dot probe task, recognition, sexual response, sexuality,
• MeSH
• deprese * MeSH
• erotika MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odklon pozornosti * MeSH
• rozpoznávání (psychologie) MeSH
• sexuální chování MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH