BACKGROUND: Pelvic floor muscles have potential to influence relative pelvic alignment. Side asymmetry in pelvic floor muscle tension is claimed to induce pelvic malalignment. However, its nature and amplitude are not clear. There is a need for non-invasive and reliable assessment method. An intervention experiment of unilateral pelvic floor muscle activation on healthy females was performed using image data for intra-subject comparison of normal and altered configuration of bony pelvis. METHODS: Sequent magnetic resonance imaging of 14 females in supine position was performed with 1.5 T static body coil in coronal orientation. The intervention, surface functional electrostimulation, was applied to activate pelvic floor muscles on the right side. Spatial coordinates of 23 pelvic landmarks were localized in each subject and registered by specially designed magnetic resonance image data processing tool (MPT2006), where individual error calculation; data registration, analysis and 3D visualization were interfaced. FINDINGS: The effect of intervention was large (Cohen's d=1.34). We found significant differences in quantity (P<0.01) and quality (P=0.02) of normal and induced pelvic displacements. After pelvic floor muscle activation on the right side, pelvic structures shifted most frequently to the right side in ventro-caudal direction. The right femoral head, the right innominate and the coccyx showed the largest displacements. INTERPRETATION: The consequences arising from the capacity of pelvic floor muscles to displace pelvic bony structures are important to consider not only in management of malalignment syndrome but also in treatment of incontinence. The study has demonstrated benefits associated with processing of magnetic resonance image data within pelvic region with high localization and registration reliability.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interpretace obrazu počítačem metody   MeSH
• kosterní svaly anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• pánev anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• pánevní dno anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• subtrakční technika * MeSH
• vylepšení obrazu metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to analyse the musculo-fascial component of the pelvic floor in symptomatic group of woman with pelvic organ prolapse before planned vaginal reconstruction using synthetic vaginal mesh. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital in Frýdek-Místek; GONA Ltd, Prague; Institute for Care of Mother and Child, Prague; 3rd Faculty of Medicine CHU Prague. METHODOLOGY: The study involved 285 female volunteers (6 nulliparous, all other patients gave birth vaginally at least once) that in the period 2008-2015 before the planned reconstructive vaginal operations have undergone a comprehensive urogynaecology examination supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor. Assessed was musculofascial component of the pelvic floor containing -musculus levator ani (MLA), endopelvic fascia (EF) and sacrouterine ligaments (SUL). MLA and EF were evaluated at two levels. The first level corresponds to the puborectalis muscle (evaluation of MRI trauma stage and avulsion), the second level correspondes to the iliococcygeus muscule (evaluation only avulsion injury to the muscle). RESULTS: Normal appereance of musculus puborectalis (level 1) was captured only in 25 (8.8) women. In 117 (41.1%) of women were present MRI minor trauma, 143 (50,2%) women were present with MRI major trauma. Avulsion of the muscle was captured in 85 cases (29.8%) at level 1 and in 165 cases (57.9%) in level 2. Preserved architecture of the EF was caught only 99 (34.7%) of the cases in level 1 and in 47 cases (16.5%) in level 2. Sacrouterine ligaments showed normal morphology in 100 cases (35.1%).Conslusion: Defects of musculofascial component of the pelvic floor is found frequently in women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse. Often a combination of defects MLA, EF and SUL are found. These comprehensive pelvic floor defects require careful urogynecological examination and planing operating methods with a view to minimizing the likelihood of recurrence of the descent. In indicated cases the use of the synthetic vaginal mesh is as a method of first choice.

• Klíčová slova
• MRI avulsion., mesh, musculofascial component, pelvic organ prolapse,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• pánevní dno diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• prolaps pánevních orgánů diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vagina chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

A case of pelvic actinomycosis is presented. The patient is 42-year-old female with a 5 weeks history of pelvic pain. An intrauterine device (IUD) was taken out 3 weeks ago. There is a lump length 9 cm between rectus muscles. Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology are used to make the diagnosis. Actinomycosis can mimic the tumour disease. The definitive diagnosis requires positive anaerobic culture or histological identification of actinomyces granulas. A long lasting antibiotic therapy is performed.

• MeSH
• aktinomykóza diagnóza   farmakoterapie   etiologie   MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• nitroděložní antikoncepční prostředky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• pánevní zánět diagnóza   farmakoterapie   etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

PURPOSE: MRI-only adaptive brachytherapy (MRI-ABT) is the state-of-the-art for treating locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) in combination with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. We aimed to evaluate the pattern of pelvic recurrence after the treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of one hundred LACC patients were treated between January 2017 and December 2023 with concurrent chemoradiotherapy of 45 Gy in 25 fractions ± boost to lymphadenopathy (up to a maximum dose of 60 Gy in 25 fractions) with concurrent weekly cisplatin chemotherapy at the dose of 40 mg/m2/week, and MR-ABT. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 30.2 months, there were 2 local recurrences (2%) and 9 regional pelvic recurrences (9%). The median time to local/regional recurrence was 11 months (range 6-21). For all stages, the 3-year local control was 97.66%, and the 3-year pelvic control was 89.45%. Twenty-four patients died during follow-up; the 3-year overall survival was 75.11%, and the 3-year disease-free survival was 70.97%. CONCLUSION: MRI-ABT combined with external beam radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy for LACC demonstrates excellent local and regional pelvic control. Most local/regional recurrences occur inside or at the edge of the external-beam irradiated field. Recurrences inside the field of brachytherapy are rare. Distant recurrences are the predominant cause of death in LACC patients treated with definitive CRT and MRI-ABT.

• Klíčová slova
• Adaptive brachytherapy, Cervical cancer, MRI-only brachytherapy, Recurrence,
• MeSH
• brachyterapie * metody   MeSH
• chemoradioterapie * MeSH
• cisplatina terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru * radioterapie   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku * radioterapie   diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cisplatina MeSH

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Injury of the levator ani muscle (LAM) is a significant risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The puborectalis (PRM) and pubovisceral (PVM) subdivisions are level III vaginal support structures. The null hypothesis was that there is no significant difference in patterns of LAM subdivisions in healthy nulliparous women. Secondarily, we evaluated the presence of different LAM injury in a POP-symptomatic cohort. METHODS: This retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study included: 64 nulligravidae without any pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and 526 women of various parity with symptomatic POP. Primary outcome was PVM and PRM morphology on the axial planes: the attachment site on the pubic bone, and the visible separation/border between the PVM and PRM. The attachment was scored as "normal" or "abnormal". The "abnormal" attachment was divided in two types: "type I"-loss of the muscle substance, but preservation of the overall muscle architecture-and "type II"-muscle detachment from the pubic bone. RESULTS: The puboanal muscle (PAM) subdivision was evaluated as a representative part of the PVM. The PAM and PRM attachments and separation were distinguished in all asymptomatic nulliparae. PAM and PRM attachments did not significantly differ. POP group characteristics were parity 1.9 ± 0.8, instrumental delivery 5.6%, hysterectomy or POP surgery 60%, all Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) stages, LAM defect 77.6% (PRM: 77.1%; PAM: 51.3%). Type I injuries were more frequent (PRM 54.7%; PAM 53.9%) compared with type II (PRM 29.4%; PAM 42.1%). CONCLUSIONS: A LAM defect was present in 77.6% of women with symptomatic POP. In PRM and PAM subdivisions type I injury was more frequent than type II.

• Klíčová slova
• Attachment patterns, Levator ani muscle, Level III, Magnetic resonance imaging,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• pánevní dno zranění   MeSH
• prolaps pánevních orgánů * diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vagina * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the mapping of deep pelvic endometriosis (DE) in a diseased population. The secondary aim was to offer first insights into the clinical applicability of the new International Deep Endometriosis Analysis group (IDEA) consensus for sonographic evaluation, which was also adapted for MRI and surgical reporting in this study. METHODS: The study was a prospective observational cohort study. In this study, consecutive women planned for surgical treatment for DE underwent preoperative mapping of pelvic disease using TVS and MRI (index tests). The results were compared against the intraoperative findings with histopathological confirmation (reference standard). In case of disagreement between intraoperative and pathology findings, the latter was prioritised. Index tests and surgical findings were reported using a standardised protocol based on the IDEA consensus. RESULTS: The study ran from 07/2016 to 02/2018. One-hundred and eleven women were approached, but 60 declined participation. Out of the 51 initially recruited women, two were excluded due to the missing reference standard. Both methods (TVS and MRI) had the same sensitivity and specificity in the detection of DE in the upper rectum (UpR) and rectosigmoid (RS) (UpR TVS and MRI sensitivity and specificity 100%; RS TVS and MRI sensitivity 94%; TVS and MRI specificity 84%). In the assessment of DE in the bladder (Bl), uterosacral ligaments (USL), vagina (V), rectovaginal septum (RVS), and overall pelvis (P), TVS had marginally higher specificity but lower sensitivity than MRI (Bl TVS sensitivity 89%, specificity 100%, MRI sensitivity 100%, specificity 95%; USL TVS sensitivity 74%, specificity 67%, MRI sensitivity 94%, specificity 60%; V TVS sensitivity 55%, specificity 100%, MRI sensitivity 73%, specificity 95%; RVS TVS sensitivity 67%, specificity 100%, MRI sensitivity 83%, specificity 93%; P TVS sensitivity 78%, specificity 97%, MRI sensitivity 91%, specificity 91%). No significant differences in diagnostic accuracy between TVS and MRI were observed except USL assessment (p=0.04) where MRI was significantly better and pouch of Douglas obliteration (p=0.04) where MRI was significantly better and pouch of Douglas obliteration (κ) = 0.727 [p=0.04) where MRI was significantly better and pouch of Douglas obliteration (κ) = 0.727 [p=0.04) where MRI was significantly better and pouch of Douglas obliteration (p=0.04) where MRI was significantly better and pouch of Douglas obliteration (. CONCLUSION: We found that both imaging techniques had overall good agreement with the reference standard in the detection of deep pelvic endometriosis. This is the first study to date involving the IDEA consensus for ultrasound, its modified version for MRI, and intraoperative reporting of deep pelvic endometriosis in clinical practice.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endometrióza diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• konsensus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ligamenta patologie   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• močový měchýř patologie   MeSH
• pánev patologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rektum patologie   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• ultrasonografie metody   MeSH
• uterus patologie   MeSH
• vagina patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a detailed display of the pelvic floor structures responsible for normal pelvic floor anatomy. The aim of the study is to assess the appearance of musculo-fascial defects in women with pelvic floor dysfunction following first vaginal delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of axial T3 (Tesla 3) MRI scans from a case control study of symptomatic (n = 149) and asymptomatic (n = 60) women after first vaginal delivery. Presence and severity of pelvic organ support and attachment system defects in three axial pelvic planes were assessed. RESULTS: In the symptomatic group, major muscular defects were found in 67.1% (for pubovisceral muscle complex) and 87.9% (for iliococcygeal muscle). Only 6.7% of major pubovisceral and 35.0% of major iliococcygeal defects were identified in the controls (p = 0.000). Prolapse patients had an odds ratio (OR) of 22.1 (95% CI 8.94-54.67) to have major pubovisceral muscle complex defect and OR of 4.9 (95% CI 1.51-15.71) to have major iliococcygeal muscle defect. Fascial defects were found in 60.4% and 83.2% the symptomatic group, respectively. Those with prolapse had an OR of 29.1 (95% CI 9.77-86.31) to have facial defect at the level of pubovisceral muscle complex and an OR of 16.9 (95% CI 7.62-37.69) to have fascial defect at the level of iliococcygeal muscle. Uterosacral ligaments detachment was associated with prolapse with an OR of 10.1 (95% CI 4.01-25.29). For the model based on combination on all MRI markers, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.921. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides comprehensive data about first vaginal delivery-induced changes in the levator ani muscle and endopelvic fascial attachment system. These changes are seen also in asymptomatic controls, but they are significantly less expressed.

• Klíčová slova
• architectural distortion, delivery, levator ani muscle, magnetic resonance imaging, prolapse,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• pánevní dno * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• prolaps pánevních orgánů * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• prolaps MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vedení porodu škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Contrast fistulogram (FG) and distal pressure colostogram (DPCG) are standard diagnostic methods for the assessment of anorectal malformations. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) earned a place among essential diagnostic methods in preoperative investigations after the Currarino syndrome and a high incidence of associated spinal dysraphism were described. The aim of our study was to evaluate the possibility of substituting FG and DPCG by a modified pelvic MRI, e.g. MRI fistulogram (MRI-FG) and MRI colostogram (MRI-DPCG). The prospective study involved 29 patients with anorectal malformations who underwent a modified pelvic MRI. The length and course of fistulas and rectum, and the presence of sacral anomalies were studied on MRI images and compared with images obtained by radiologic examinations. Modified MRI brought identical results as contrast studies in 25 patients when related to the fistula and rectum length and course. MRI was more accurate for the detection of sacral anomalies. MRI-FG was the only imaging method used in the four most recent patients. The results support the assumption that conventional contrast examinations for the assessment of anorectal malformations can be replaced by MRI, thus reducing the radiation dose.

• Klíčová slova
• Anorectal malformations, Fistulogram, MRI, Pressure distal colostogram,
• MeSH
• anální kanál abnormality   patologie   MeSH
• celková anestezie MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kolostomie MeSH
• kontrastní látky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• křížová kost abnormality   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• mnohočetné abnormality MeSH
• močové píštěle vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci anu vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci močové trubice vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci močového měchýře vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci nedonošenců diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• novorozenec nedonošený MeSH
• novorozenec s nízkou porodní hmotností MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• perineum patologie   MeSH
• předoperační péče metody   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rektální píštěl vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• rektovaginální píštěl vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• rektum abnormality   patologie   MeSH
• spina bifida diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• střevní píštěle vrozené   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kontrastní látky MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The endopelvic fascia is a confluent suspensory apparatus of the female pelvic organs. The aim of the study was to construct a three-dimensional model of the endopelvic fascia, defining its shape and its connections to the surrounding parietal structures. METHODS: We created a three-dimensional multiple-source computer model to simultaneously visualize and analyze all the structures within the female pelvic floor. This model integrates data from magnetic resonance imaging of 15 nulliparas under age 30 with no symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. The model also includes data from direct observation in the dissection laboratory and in surgical rooms, together with the relevant scientific literature. RESULTS: The endopelvic fascia has the shape of a semifrontally oriented septum, which surrounds the vagina and part of the uterine cervix and divides the pelvic floor into the anterior and posterior compartments. This confluent septum has specific connections to the pubic bone, anterior perineal membrane, perineal body, and superior fascia of the levator ani muscle. Additionally, the uterosacral part of the septum has three subdivisions- the "vascular part," the "neural part," and the true uterosacral ligament. Each of these subdivisions has a different physical link to the parietal structures. Three-dimensional illustrations and schemes were created to facilitate the understanding of the anatomy of these complex structures. CONCLUSION: Connecting descriptions of the geometry of the organs visible by magnetic resonance imaging with descriptions of their individual connections to the endopelvic fascia gave us unique information about the three-dimensional representation of the anatomy of the female lesser pelvis. The endopelvic fascia divides the lesser pelvis in a manner that is similar to the way the urorectal septum divides the embryonic cloaca.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fascie anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• pánevní dno anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• počítačové zpracování obrazu MeSH
• vagina anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

AIMS: The aim of this retrospective study was to try to find correlations between different diagnoses established by clinical examination, anorectal manometry and MRI-defecography and, the association with psychiatric disorders. METHODS: 44 patients (median age 53.81 years) presenting with intestinal motility disorders and who underwent clinical, biological and psychiatric examination, dynamic defecographic-MRI (resting, squeezing, straining, defecation and evacuation phases), anorectal manometry, colonoscopy. MRI was performed using the 1,5 T. RESULTS: MRI-defecography revealed the following changes: anismus (16), rectocele (12), pelvic floor dysfunction (6), peritoneocele (2), cervical-cystic-ptosis (1), rectal prolapse (6), and in 1 case the examination was normal. Hypertonic anal sphincter (16) and lack of defecation reflex (12) at anorectal manometry correlated with anismus in all patients at MRI-defecography. Lack of inhibitor anal reflex (6) was associated with rectocele (4), cervix-cysto-ptosis (1) and peritoneocele (2). Anxiety (11), depression (6) and anxiety-depressive disorders (10) were found in 27/44, somatization disorders in 9/44 and no psychiatric changes in 8/44 cases. CONCLUSION: As multiparous women are at risk for outlet obstruction constipation, MRI-defecography is suggested in this category. There is good correlation between diagnosis using anorectal manometry and MRI-defecography in patients with terminal constipation and anismus. Lower defecation dysfunction is often associated with psychiatric disorders.

• Klíčová slova
• MRI-defecography, anismus, defecation dysfunction, outlet obstruction constipation,
• MeSH
• defekace * MeSH
• defekografie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• rektokéla * diagnóza   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• zácpa diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH