Dry eye is one of the most common eye diseases. Its etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, being closely linked to local and systemic diseases. The main cause of dry eye is pathological changes leading to instability of the tear film. Secondarily, these processes are reflected in changes in the surface of the eye. Genetic predisposition, age, gender, environmental impact as well as other factors, such as wearing contact lenses, eye pathologies, systemic diseases, hormonal influences, psychosomatic aspects, or the effects of some drugs, play a role in the development of dry eye. A patient with dry eye suffers from burning and cutting and transient visual disturbances, but some forms are associated with photophobia, pain, and, in the case of corneal damage, visual functions may be permanently impaired. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination and tests evaluating the amount of tear production or the stability of the tear film. Treatment is individual, optimally targeted according to etiology, but mostly symptomatic. It consists in a differentiated application of artificial tears of various compositions and various forms. In the case of complicated inflammatory course, it is possible to indicate the administration of local and systemic glucocorticoids, application of autologous serum, collagen plugs for punctal occlusion or the use of cyclosporine A and amniotic membrane.

Dry eye is one of the most common eye diseases. Its etiopathogenesis is multifactorial with close links to local and systemic diseases. The main cause of dry eye are pathological changes leading to instability of the tear film. Secondarily, these processes are reflected in changes to the surface of the eye. Genetic predisposition, age, gender, environmental impact, but also other factors such as wearing contact lenses, eye pathologies, systemic diseases, hormonal influences, psychosomatic aspects, the effects of some drugs, and more play the role in the development of dry eye. Patient with dry eye suffer with burning and cutting, transient visual disturbances, but some forms are associated with photophobia, pain, and visual functions may be permanently impaired by the cornea damage. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination and tests evaluating the amount of tears production or stability of the tear film. Treatment is individual, optimally targeted according to etiology, but mostly symptomatic. Lies in the differentiated application of artificial tears of different composition and different forms. During the course of inflammatory problematic is possible to indicate the aplication of local and systemic glucocorticoids, application of autologous serum, obturation lacrimal collagen closures or the use of cyclosporine A and amniotic membrane.

Oční klinika dětí a dospělých 2 LF UK a FN Motol Praha

Dry eye syndrome

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