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Single lipid extraction: the anchoring strength of cholesterol in liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases
FW. Stetter, L. Cwiklik, P. Jungwirth, T. Hugel,
Language English Country United States
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
NLK
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- MeSH
- Cholesterol chemistry MeSH
- Phosphatidylcholines chemistry MeSH
- Phosphatidylethanolamines chemistry MeSH
- Lipid Bilayers chemistry MeSH
- Microscopy, Atomic Force methods MeSH
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation MeSH
- Spectrum Analysis MeSH
- Unilamellar Liposomes chemistry MeSH
- Hydrogen Bonding MeSH
- Phase Transition MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Cholesterol is important for the formation of microdomains in supported lipid bilayers and is enriched in the liquid-ordered phase. To understand the interactions leading to this enrichment, we developed an AFM-based single-lipid-extraction (SLX) approach that enables us to determine the anchoring strength of cholesterol in the two phases of a phase-separated lipid membrane. As expected, the forces necessary for extracting a single cholesterol molecule from liquid-ordered phases are significantly higher than for extracting it from the liquid-disordered phases. Interestingly, application of the Bell model shows two energy barriers that correlate with the head and full length of the cholesterol molecule. The resulting lifetimes for complete extraction are 90 s and 11 s in the liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations of the very same experiment show similar force profiles and indicate that the stabilization of cholesterol in the liquid-ordered phase is mainly due to nonpolar contacts.
Department of Physics Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland
Physik Department E22a and IMETUM Technische Universität München Munich Germany
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a Cholesterol is important for the formation of microdomains in supported lipid bilayers and is enriched in the liquid-ordered phase. To understand the interactions leading to this enrichment, we developed an AFM-based single-lipid-extraction (SLX) approach that enables us to determine the anchoring strength of cholesterol in the two phases of a phase-separated lipid membrane. As expected, the forces necessary for extracting a single cholesterol molecule from liquid-ordered phases are significantly higher than for extracting it from the liquid-disordered phases. Interestingly, application of the Bell model shows two energy barriers that correlate with the head and full length of the cholesterol molecule. The resulting lifetimes for complete extraction are 90 s and 11 s in the liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations of the very same experiment show similar force profiles and indicate that the stabilization of cholesterol in the liquid-ordered phase is mainly due to nonpolar contacts.
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