Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive metabolites (e.g. superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and the antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with trisomy of the 21st chromosome resulting in DS phenotype as well as with various morphological abnormalities, immune disorders, intellectual disability, premature aging and other biochemical abnormalities. Trisomy 21 in patients with DS results in increased activity of an important antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) which gene is located on the 21st chromosome along with other proteins such as transcription factor Ets-2, stress inducing factors (DSCR1) and precursor of beta-amyloid protein responsible for the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease. Mentioned proteins are involved in the management of mitochondrial function, thereby promoting mitochondrial theory of aging also in people with DS. In defence against toxic effects of free radicals and their metabolites organism has built antioxidant defence systems. Their lack and reduced function increases oxidative stress resulting in disruption of the structure of important biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. This leads to their dysfunctions affecting pathophysiology of organs and the whole organism. This paper examines the impact of antioxidant interventions as well as positive effect of physical exercise on cognitive and learning disabilities of individuals with DS. Potential therapeutic targets on the molecular level (oxidative stress markers, gene for DYRK1A, neutrophic factor BDNF) after intervention of natural polyphenols are also discussed.

Institute of Medical Chemistry Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia

000      

00000naa a2200000 a 4500

001      

bmc15036730

003      

CZ-PrNML

005      

20151123141552.0

007      

ta

008      

151120s2014 xr d f 000 0|eng||

009      

AR

024    7_

$a 10.33549/physiolres.932722 $2 doi

035    __

$a (PubMed)24908086

040    __

$a ABA008 $b cze $d ABA008 $e AACR2

041    0_

$a eng

044    __

$a xr

100    1_

$a Muchová, Jana, $u Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia $d 1951- $7 mzk2005273012

245    10

$a Oxidative stress and Down syndrome. Do antioxidants play a role in therapy / $c J. Muchová, I. Žitňanová, Z. Ďuračková

520    9_

$a Oxidative stress is a phenomenon associated with imbalance between production of free radicals and reactive metabolites (e.g. superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and the antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with trisomy of the 21st chromosome resulting in DS phenotype as well as with various morphological abnormalities, immune disorders, intellectual disability, premature aging and other biochemical abnormalities. Trisomy 21 in patients with DS results in increased activity of an important antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) which gene is located on the 21st chromosome along with other proteins such as transcription factor Ets-2, stress inducing factors (DSCR1) and precursor of beta-amyloid protein responsible for the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease. Mentioned proteins are involved in the management of mitochondrial function, thereby promoting mitochondrial theory of aging also in people with DS. In defence against toxic effects of free radicals and their metabolites organism has built antioxidant defence systems. Their lack and reduced function increases oxidative stress resulting in disruption of the structure of important biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. This leads to their dysfunctions affecting pathophysiology of organs and the whole organism. This paper examines the impact of antioxidant interventions as well as positive effect of physical exercise on cognitive and learning disabilities of individuals with DS. Potential therapeutic targets on the molecular level (oxidative stress markers, gene for DYRK1A, neutrophic factor BDNF) after intervention of natural polyphenols are also discussed.

650    _2

$a antioxidancia $x terapeutické užití $7 D000975

650    _2

$a mozek $x účinky léků $x metabolismus $x patofyziologie $7 D001921

650    _2

$a kognice $x účinky léků $7 D003071

650    _2

$a Downův syndrom $x farmakoterapie $x genetika $x metabolismus $x patofyziologie $x psychologie $7 D004314

650    _2

$a cvičení $7 D015444

650    _2

$a genetická predispozice k nemoci $7 D020022

650    _2

$a lidé $7 D006801

650    _2

$a učení $x účinky léků $7 D007858

650    _2

$a oxidační stres $x účinky léků $7 D018384

650    _2

$a fenotyp $7 D010641

650    _2

$a výsledek terapie $7 D016896

655    _2

$a časopisecké články $7 D016428

655    _2

$a práce podpořená grantem $7 D013485

655    _2

$a přehledy $7 D016454

700    1_

$a Žitňanová, Ingrid $7 xx0208756 $u Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia

700    1_

$a Ďuračková, Zdeňka $7 mzk2006355807 $u Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia

773    0_

$w MED00003824 $t Physiological research Academia Scientiarum Bohemoslovaca $x 1802-9973 $g Roč. 63, č. 5 (2014), s. 535-542

856    41

$u http://www.biomed.cas.cz/physiolres/ $y domovská stránka časopisu

910    __

$a ABA008 $b A 4120 $c 266 $y 4 $z 0

990    __

$a 20151120 $b ABA008

991    __

$a 20151123080520 $b ABA008

999    __

$a ok $b bmc $g 1098018 $s 919917

BAS    __

$a 3

BAS    __

$a PreBMC

BMC    __

$a 2014 $b 63 $c 5 $d 535-542 $e 20140605 $i 1802-9973 $m Physiological research $n Physiol. Res. (Print) $x MED00003824

LZP    __

$b NLK118 $a Pubmed-20151120