The purpose of the present study was to study the synergy potential of gallic acid-based derivatives in combination with conventional antibiotics using multidrug resistant cultures of Escherichia coli. Gallic acid-based derivatives significantly reduced the MIC of tetracycline against multidrug resistant clinical isolate of E. coli. The best representative, 3-(3',4,'5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,5,6-trimethoxyindanone-1, an indanone derivative of gallic acid, was observed to inhibit ethidium bromide efflux and ATPase which was also supported by in silico docking. This derivative extended the post-antibiotic effect and decreased the mutation prevention concentration of tetracycline. This derivative in combination with TET was able to reduce the concentration of TNFα up to 18-fold in Swiss albino mice. This derivative was nontoxic and well tolerated up to 300 mg/kg dose in subacute oral toxicity study in mice. This is the first report of gallic acid-based indanone derivative as drug resistance reversal agent acting through ATP-dependent efflux pump inhibition.

Biotechnology Division CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Near Kukrail Picnic Spot P O CIMAP Lucknow 226015 India

Biotechnology Division CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Near Kukrail Picnic Spot P O CIMAP Lucknow 226015 India Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electronics and Communication Brno University of Technology Antonínská 548 1 60190 Brno Czech Republic

Biotechnology Division CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Near Kukrail Picnic Spot P O CIMAP Lucknow 226015 India School of Environmental Science Babasaheb Bhim Rao Ambedkar University Lucknow 226025 UP India

Chemical Sciences Division CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Near Kukrail Picnic Spot P O CIMAP Lucknow 226015 India

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