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The effect of a vegetarian versus conventional hypocaloric diet on serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in patients with type 2 diabetes
H. Kahleova, S. Tonstad, J. Rosmus, P. Fisar, A. Mari, M. Hill, T. Pelikanova,
Language English Country Netherlands
Document type Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial
Grant support
NT14250
MZ0
CEP Register
NV15-27431A
MZ0
CEP Register
- MeSH
- Adiposity MeSH
- Insulin-Secreting Cells metabolism MeSH
- Biomarkers blood MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood diagnosis diet therapy physiopathology MeSH
- Diet, Vegetarian * MeSH
- Dioxins adverse effects blood MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism MeSH
- Weight Loss MeSH
- Insulin blood MeSH
- Caloric Restriction * MeSH
- Food Contamination * MeSH
- Blood Glucose metabolism MeSH
- Environmental Pollutants adverse effects blood MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Multivariate Analysis MeSH
- Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism physiopathology MeSH
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry MeSH
- Diet, Reducing * MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Environmental Exposure MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a vegetarian versus conventional diet on the serum levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in patients with T2D after 12 weeks of dietary intervention and to assess their relationships with metabolic parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS: Men and women with T2D were randomly assigned to follow either a vegetarian diet without fish or meat (n = 37) or an isocaloric conventional antidiabetic diet (n = 37). Both diets were energy restricted (minus 500 kcal/day). All foods were provided to the participants. At randomization (week 0) and 12 weeks, the meal test was performed to assess the β-cell function and serum levels of 24 POPs. Dioxins and dioxin-like POPs were analyzed by isotope dilution high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and mass spectrometry after cleanup of the silica and carbon columns. Non-dioxin-like POPs were analyzed by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Statistical analyses used were repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), a multivariate regression model, and Pearson's correlations. We observed a statistically nonsignificant trend toward increases in the serum levels of most POPs in response to both hypocaloric diets with no differences between groups. In the groups combined, the change in serum concentrations of total POPs was correlated to changes in HbA1c (r = +0.34; p < 0.01), fasting plasma glucose (r = +0.41; p < 0.01) levels, and β-cell function measured as insulin secretion at a reference glucose level (r = -0.37; p < 0.01), independent of the changes in body weight and volume of visceral fat. CONCLUSION: Short-term hypocaloric vegetarian and conventional diets did not reduce the POP levels, possibly due to mobilization of fat stores. Our findings support the relationship between POPs and diabetes, especially β-cell function. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00883038, completed.
C N R Institute of Systems Science and Biomedical Engineering Padua Italy
Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Videnska 1958 9 140 21 Prague Czech Republic
Institute of Endocrinology Narodni 8 11394 Prague Czech Republic
State Veterinary Institute Prague Sidlistni 24 165 03 Prague Czech Republic
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a vegetarian versus conventional diet on the serum levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in patients with T2D after 12 weeks of dietary intervention and to assess their relationships with metabolic parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS: Men and women with T2D were randomly assigned to follow either a vegetarian diet without fish or meat (n = 37) or an isocaloric conventional antidiabetic diet (n = 37). Both diets were energy restricted (minus 500 kcal/day). All foods were provided to the participants. At randomization (week 0) and 12 weeks, the meal test was performed to assess the β-cell function and serum levels of 24 POPs. Dioxins and dioxin-like POPs were analyzed by isotope dilution high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and mass spectrometry after cleanup of the silica and carbon columns. Non-dioxin-like POPs were analyzed by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Statistical analyses used were repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), a multivariate regression model, and Pearson's correlations. We observed a statistically nonsignificant trend toward increases in the serum levels of most POPs in response to both hypocaloric diets with no differences between groups. In the groups combined, the change in serum concentrations of total POPs was correlated to changes in HbA1c (r = +0.34; p < 0.01), fasting plasma glucose (r = +0.41; p < 0.01) levels, and β-cell function measured as insulin secretion at a reference glucose level (r = -0.37; p < 0.01), independent of the changes in body weight and volume of visceral fat. CONCLUSION: Short-term hypocaloric vegetarian and conventional diets did not reduce the POP levels, possibly due to mobilization of fat stores. Our findings support the relationship between POPs and diabetes, especially β-cell function. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00883038, completed.
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