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Catheter Ablation of Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation Storm After Myocardial Infarction

Y. Komatsu, M. Hocini, A. Nogami, P. Maury, P. Peichl, YK. Iwasaki, K. Masuda, A. Denis, Q. Voglimacci-Stephanopoli, D. Wichterle, M. Kawamura, S. Fukamizu, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Mukai, T. Harada, K. Yoshida, R. Yasuoka, M. Igawa, K. Ohira, W. Shimizu,...

. 2019 ; 139 (20) : 2315-2325. [pub] 20190514

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Observational Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

BACKGROUND: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) storm after myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening condition that necessitates multiple defibrillations. Catheter ablation is a potentially effective treatment strategy for VF storm refractory to optimal medical treatment. However, its impact on patient survival has not been verified in a large population. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective observational study involving consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation of post-MI refractory VF storm without preceding monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. The target of ablation was the Purkinje-related ventricular extrasystoles triggering VF. The primary outcome was in-hospital and long-term mortalities. Univariate logistic regression and Cox proportional-hazards analysis were used to evaluate clinical characteristics associated with in-hospital and long-term mortalities, respectively. RESULTS: One hundred ten patients were enrolled (age, 65±11years; 92 men; left ventricular ejection fraction, 31±10%). VF storm occurred at the acute phase of MI (4.5±2.5 days after the onset of MI during the index hospitalization for MI) in 43 patients (39%), the subacute phase (>1 week) in 48 (44%), and the remote phase (>6 months) in 19 (17%). The focal triggers were found to originate from the scar border zone in 88 patients (80%). During in-hospital stay after ablation, VF storm subsided in 92 patients (84%). Overall, 30 (27%) in-hospital deaths occurred. The duration from the VF occurrence to the ablation procedure was associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio for each 1-day increase, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03-1.20]; P=0.008). During follow-up after discharge from hospital, only 1 patient developed recurrent VF storm. However, 29 patients (36%) died, with a median survival time of 2.2 years (interquartile range, 1.2-5.5 years). Long-term mortality was associated with left ventricular ejection fraction <30% (hazard ratio, 2.54 [95% CI, 1.21-5.32]; P=0.014), New York Heart Association class ≥III (hazard ratio, 2.68 [95% CI, 1.16-6.19]; P=0.021), a history of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio, 3.89 [95% CI, 1.42-10.67]; P=0.008), and chronic kidney disease (hazard ratio, 2.74 [95% CI, 1.15-6.49]; P=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with MI presenting with focally triggered VF storm, catheter ablation of culprit triggers is lifesaving and appears to be associated with short- and long-term freedom from recurrent VF storm. Mortality over the long-term follow-up is associated with the severity of underlying cardiovascular disease and comorbidities in this specific patient population.

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$a Komatsu, Yuki $u Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan (Y.K., A.N., K.A., M.I.).
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$a Catheter Ablation of Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation Storm After Myocardial Infarction / $c Y. Komatsu, M. Hocini, A. Nogami, P. Maury, P. Peichl, YK. Iwasaki, K. Masuda, A. Denis, Q. Voglimacci-Stephanopoli, D. Wichterle, M. Kawamura, S. Fukamizu, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Mukai, T. Harada, K. Yoshida, R. Yasuoka, M. Igawa, K. Ohira, W. Shimizu, K. Aonuma, J. Kautzner, M. Haïssaguerre, M. Ieda,
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$a BACKGROUND: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) storm after myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening condition that necessitates multiple defibrillations. Catheter ablation is a potentially effective treatment strategy for VF storm refractory to optimal medical treatment. However, its impact on patient survival has not been verified in a large population. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective observational study involving consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation of post-MI refractory VF storm without preceding monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. The target of ablation was the Purkinje-related ventricular extrasystoles triggering VF. The primary outcome was in-hospital and long-term mortalities. Univariate logistic regression and Cox proportional-hazards analysis were used to evaluate clinical characteristics associated with in-hospital and long-term mortalities, respectively. RESULTS: One hundred ten patients were enrolled (age, 65±11years; 92 men; left ventricular ejection fraction, 31±10%). VF storm occurred at the acute phase of MI (4.5±2.5 days after the onset of MI during the index hospitalization for MI) in 43 patients (39%), the subacute phase (>1 week) in 48 (44%), and the remote phase (>6 months) in 19 (17%). The focal triggers were found to originate from the scar border zone in 88 patients (80%). During in-hospital stay after ablation, VF storm subsided in 92 patients (84%). Overall, 30 (27%) in-hospital deaths occurred. The duration from the VF occurrence to the ablation procedure was associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio for each 1-day increase, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03-1.20]; P=0.008). During follow-up after discharge from hospital, only 1 patient developed recurrent VF storm. However, 29 patients (36%) died, with a median survival time of 2.2 years (interquartile range, 1.2-5.5 years). Long-term mortality was associated with left ventricular ejection fraction <30% (hazard ratio, 2.54 [95% CI, 1.21-5.32]; P=0.014), New York Heart Association class ≥III (hazard ratio, 2.68 [95% CI, 1.16-6.19]; P=0.021), a history of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio, 3.89 [95% CI, 1.42-10.67]; P=0.008), and chronic kidney disease (hazard ratio, 2.74 [95% CI, 1.15-6.49]; P=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with MI presenting with focally triggered VF storm, catheter ablation of culprit triggers is lifesaving and appears to be associated with short- and long-term freedom from recurrent VF storm. Mortality over the long-term follow-up is associated with the severity of underlying cardiovascular disease and comorbidities in this specific patient population.
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$a Hocini, Mélèze $u Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU]), Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Pessac, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.). Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Pessac-Bordeaux, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.). University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.).
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$a Nogami, Akihiko $u Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan (Y.K., A.N., K.A., M.I.).
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$a Maury, Philippe $u Hospital Rangueil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, France (P.M., Q.V.-S.).
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$a Peichl, Petr $u Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (P.P., D.W., J.K.).
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$a Iwasaki, Yu-Ki $u Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Y.-k.I., W.S.).
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$a Masuda, Keita $u Department of Heart Rhythm Management, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Japan (K.M.).
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$a Denis, Arnaud $u Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU]), Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Pessac, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.). Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Pessac-Bordeaux, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.). University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.).
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$a Voglimacci-Stephanopoli, Quentin $u Hospital Rangueil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, France (P.M., Q.V.-S.).
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$a Wichterle, Dan $u Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (P.P., D.W., J.K.).
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$a Kawamura, Mitsuharu $u Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (M.K.).
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$a Fukamizu, Seiji $u Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, Japan (S.F.).
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$a Yokoyama, Yasuhiro $u Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (Y.Y.).
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$a Mukai, Yasushi $u Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.M.).
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$a Harada, Tomoo $u Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan (T.H.).
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$a Yoshida, Kentaro $u Cardiovascular Division, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Japan (K.Y.).
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$a Ohira, Koji $u Department of Cardiology, Mito Saiseikai General Hospital, Japan (K.O.).
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$a Haïssaguerre, Michel $u Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU]), Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Pessac, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.). Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Pessac-Bordeaux, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.). University Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, France (M.H., A.D., M.H.).
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